A scoping review on economic globalization in relation to the obesity epidemic

An, Ruopeng; Shen, Jing; Bullard, Tiffany; Han, Yu; Qiu, Dingyi; Wang, Shiman

doi:10.1111/obr.12969

Cited by 16 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…This study’s findings of the prevalence of ow/ob, and the associated sociodemographic and behavioral factors, are consistent with findings of other cross-sectional studies in Vietnam [ 17 , 18 , 32 , 33 ] and other LMICs [ 34 – 36 ]. In LMICs, higher rates of child ow/ob for families with greater wealth, particularly in urban areas, are likely attributable to globalization, economic growth and marketing-driven changes in child feeding practices (consumption of a greater quantity and frequency of calorie-dense food and beverages) [ 37 , 38 ] and reduced physical activity (due to urban traffic with less opportunity to safely walk to school and play outdoors, and greater use of sedentary screen-based entertainment) [ 29 , 39 – 41 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early childhood factors associated with obesity at age 8 in Vietnamese children: The Young Lives Cohort Study

et al. 2021

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Background Over recent decades, Vietnam has experienced rapid economic growth, a nutrition transition from the traditional diet to highly-processed and calorie-dense foods and beverages, and an increasing prevalence of childhood overweight/obesity (ow/ob). The goal of this study is to describe the patterns of ow/ob in a longitudinal sample of Vietnamese children from ages 1 to 8, and the sociodemographic and behavioral factors associated with ow/ob at age 8. Methods This study is a secondary data analysis of a geographically-representative, longitudinal cohort of 1961 Vietnamese children from the Young Lives Cohort Study from 2002 to 2009. Thirty-one communities were selected with oversampling in rural communities, and children age 1 were recruited from each community using simple random sampling. Surveys of families and measurements of children were collected at child ages 1, 5, and 8. Our specified outcome measure was childhood ow/ob at age 8, defined by the World Health Organization’s thresholds for body-mass-index (BMI) for age Z-scores. Associations between early and concurrent socio-behavioral factors, childhood nutrition and physical activity variables were analyzed using STATA 15. Bivariate and multivariable analyses were completed utilizing logistic regression models. Results The prevalence of ow/ob increased from 1.1% in both sexes at age 1 to 7% in females and 13% in males at age 8. Bivariate analyses show greater likelihood of ow/ob at age 8 was significantly associated with early life sociodemographic factors (at age 1), male sex (OR = 2.2, 1.6–3.1), higher wealth (OR = 1.1–1.4), and urban residence (OR = 4.3, 3–6). In adjusted analyses, ow/ob at age 8 was associated with early nutrition practices at age 5, including frequent consumption of powdered milk (OR = 2.8, 1.6–4.6), honey/sugar (OR = 2.7, 1.8–4.1), prepared restaurant/fast foods (OR = 4.6, 2.6–8.2), and packaged sweets (OR = 3.4, 2.3–4.9). In addition, breastfeeding for 6 months or longer was protective against obesity at age 8 (OR = 0.3, 0.1–0.9). Conclusions We found that increased consumption of powdered milk, honey/sugar, packaged sweets, and prepared restaurants/fast foods are associated with childhood ow/ob. In contrast, breastfeeding for 6 months or longer was protective against childhood ow/ob. These findings suggest that public health programs and campaigns aimed to prevent childhood ow/ob in Vietnam should target early feeding practices.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early childhood factors associated with obesity at age 8 in Vietnamese children: The Young Lives Cohort Study

et al. 2021

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“…In our case, the percentage of population living in urban areas is positive, as expected, but it is only significant for boys: higher population concentration in urban areas implies higher BMI. Finally, globalization, which appears as a significant factor to explain the increase in obesity rates in many previous studies of adult populations [ 47 ], does not seem to have a significant effect on childhood obesity.…”

Section: Data and Empirical Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Global Trends in Child Obesity: Are Figures Converging?

González-Alvarez

Lázaro-Alquézar

Simón-Fernández

2020

IJERPH

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Childhood obesity has become one of the most serious global health challenges of our time. The combined prevalence of overweight and obesity has rapidly increased worldwide during the last two decades, especially in some developing countries where obesity is reaching levels on a par with some industrialized countries, or even higher. This fast growth has occurred especially in countries in the midst of rapid social-economic transitions. Most international comparisons focus on the adult population while analyses focusing on the child population are more limited. Using the methodology developed by Phillips and Sul, this paper studies the worldwide evolution of children’s body mass index (BMI), overweight and obesity prevalence for a large sample of countries during the period 1975–2016. Our results indicate that the figures for BMI or the prevalence of obesity in different countries do not converge, while the opposite is the case for overweight prevalence in children. Furthermore, there is a non-linear relationship between obesity and income or human capital, indicating that low and middle-income countries require a strong initiative for health policies targeting obesity prevention.

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“…In our case, the percentage of population living in urban areas is positive, as expected, but it is only significant for boys: higher population concentration in urban areas implies higher BMI. Finally, globalization, which appears as a significant factor to explain the increase in obesity rates in many previous studies of adult populations [44], does not seem to have a significant effect on childhood obesity.…”

mentioning

confidence: 75%

Global Trends in Child Obesity: Are Figures Converging?

González-Alvarez¹,

Lázaro-Alquézar²,

Simón-Fernández³

2020

Preprint

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Infant obesity has become one of the most serious global health challenges of our time. The combined prevalence of overweight and obesity has rapidly increased worldwide during the last two decades, especially in some developing countries where obesity is reaching levels on a par with some industrialized countries, or even higher. This fast growth has occurred especially in countries in the midst of rapid social-economic transitions. Most international comparisons focus on the adult population while analyses focusing on the child population are more limited. Using the methodology developed by Phillips and Sul [1], this paper studies the worldwide evolution of infant body mass index (BMI), overweight and obesity prevalence for a large sample of countries during the period 1975-2016. Our results indicate that the figures for BMI or the prevalence of obesity in different countries do not converge, while the opposite is the case for overweight prevalence in children. Furthermore, there is a non-linear relationship between obesity and income or human capital, indicating that low and middle-income countries require a strong initiative for health policies targeting obesity prevention.

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A scoping review on economic globalization in relation to the obesity epidemic

Cited by 16 publications

References 42 publications

Early childhood factors associated with obesity at age 8 in Vietnamese children: The Young Lives Cohort Study

Early childhood factors associated with obesity at age 8 in Vietnamese children: The Young Lives Cohort Study

Global Trends in Child Obesity: Are Figures Converging?

Global Trends in Child Obesity: Are Figures Converging?

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