A scoping review: What are the cellular mechanisms that drive the allergic inflammatory response to fungal allergens in the lung epithelium?

Goode, E. R.; Marczylo, Emma L.

doi:10.1002/clt2.12252

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 157 publications

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“…A quality-scoring tool was adapted from previous reviews [ 24 , 25 ]. Included studies were assessed against six domains designed to measure their ability to address the review aim.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smoking and vaping alter genes related to mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility and severity: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Bowsher,

Marczylo,

Gooch

et al. 2024

Eur Respir J

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Evidence for the impact of smoking on COVID-19 is contradictory, and there is little research on vaping. Here we provide greater clarity on mechanisms perturbed by tobacco cigarette, electronic cigarette and nicotine exposures that may impact the risks of infection and/or disease severity.Following PRISMA guidelines, OVID and Web of Science databases were searched. Study design and exposure-induced gene expression changes were extracted. Each study was quality assessed and higher confidence scores were assigned to genes consistently changed across multiple studies following the same exposure. These genes were used to explore pathways significantly altered following exposure.125 studies provided data on 480 genes altered by exposure to tobacco cigarettes, e-cigarettes, nicotine or SARS-CoV-2. Genes involved in both SARS-CoV-2 viral-entry and inflammation were changed following exposure. Pathway analysis revealed that many of those genes with high confidence scores are involved in common cellular processes relating to hyperinflammatory immune responses.Exposure to tobacco cigarettes, e-cigarettes, or nicotine, may therefore impact initial host-pathogen interactions and disease severity. Smokers and vapers of e-cigarettes with nicotine, could potentially be at increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection, associated cytokine storm, and acute respiratory distress syndrome. However, further research is required, particularly on e-cigarettes, to determine the biological mechanisms involved in perturbation of viral-entry genes and host-pathogen interactions and subsequent responses within the respiratory tract. This will improve our physiological understanding of the impact of smoking and vaping on COVID-19, informing public health advice and providing improved guidance for management of SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory viruses.

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“…A quality-scoring tool was adapted from previous reviews [ 24 , 25 ]. Included studies were assessed against six domains designed to measure their ability to address the review aim.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smoking and vaping alter genes related to mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility and severity: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Bowsher,

Marczylo,

Gooch

et al. 2024

Eur Respir J

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“…Additionally, we support increasing biodiverse green spaces which can shape paediatric microbiota and, consequently, immune responses, potentially reducing allergic sensitisation in early childhood [ 41 , 156 – 159 ]. For dust mites and mould, our strategies include allergen reduction and broader access to immunotherapy [ 104 , 106 , 115 , 161 – 168 ]. With respect to infectious diseases, we underscore the importance of developing new disease modelling and surveillance systems [ 169 ].…”

Section: Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of climate change on paediatric respiratory health: pollutants and aeroallergens

Domingo,

Gabaldon,

Hussari

et al. 2024

Eur Respir Rev

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Paediatric populations are particularly vulnerable to respiratory diseases caused and exacerbated by aeroallergens, pollutants and infectious agents. Worsening climate change is expected to increase the prevalence of pollutants and aeroallergens while amplifying disease severity and causing disproportionate effects in under-resourced areas. The purpose of this narrative review is to summarise the role of anthropogenic climate change in the literature examining the future impact of aeroallergens, pollutants and infectious agents on paediatric respiratory diseases with a focus on equitable disease mitigation. The aeroallergens selected for discussion include pollen, dust mites and mould as these are prevalent triggers of paediatric asthma worldwide. Human rhinovirus and respiratory syncytial virus are key viruses interacting with climate change and pollution and are primary causal agents of viral respiratory disease. Within this review, we present the propensity for aeroallergens, climate change and pollution to synergistically exacerbate paediatric respiratory disease and outline measures that can ameliorate the expected increase in morbidity and severity of disease through a health equity lens. We support shifting from fossil fuels to renewable energy worldwide, across sectors, as a primary means of reducing increases in morbidity.

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“…Downstream, immune cells are recruited to the airway [125], leading to mucus hypersecretion, loss of epithelial barrier integrity and airway hyperresponsiveness, all typical hallmarks of allergic asthma [126]. As with the formaldehyde evidence, heterogeneity in models and methods within studies means that further research is required to fully elucidate these mechanisms [127].…”

Section: Damp and Mouldmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Burden of Respiratory Disease from Formaldehyde, Damp and Mould in English Housing

Clark¹,

Lam²,

Goode³

et al. 2023

Environments

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Quantifying the burden of disease from exposure to poor indoor air pollution can support policy development. In England, there is current regulatory and public attention on the health implications of residential exposure to formaldehyde, damp and mould. However, there is scarce information on these health impacts at the population scale. As such, we assessed the burden of key respiratory diseases from residential formaldehyde, damp and/or mould for the English population aged 0–14 and 15–49. We obtained data on the percentage of dwellings affected by damp and/or mould from the English Housing Survey and estimated the distribution of residential formaldehyde concentrations (annual average (μg/m3)) by pooling data from monitoring studies conducted in England. Exposures were combined with epidemiological relationships and national health data to estimate Population Attributable Fractions (PAFs), disease incidence, and Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) lost associated with residential formaldehyde or damp and/or mould exposure in England. We made estimates for the year 2019 but also looked back several years in time. Exposure to formaldehyde was associated with approximately 4000 new cases of childhood asthma (~800 DALYs lost) in 2019, though the estimates were sensitive to the placement of the lower exposure threshold. Exposure to damp and/or mould was associated with approximately 5000 new cases of asthma (~2200 DALYs) and approximately 8500 lower respiratory infections (~600 DALYs) among children and adults in 2019, though the PAFs were unequally distributed across dwellings based on income and ethnicity. Alternative data sources suggest that the percentage of dwellings affected by damp and/or mould may even be higher, resulting in a possible 3–8-fold greater number of cases and DALYs. Our assessment emphasizes a potential respiratory health burden in England associated with residential formaldehyde as well as damp and/or mould, further highlighting the public health importance of good indoor air quality and good quality housing.

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A scoping review: What are the cellular mechanisms that drive the allergic inflammatory response to fungal allergens in the lung epithelium?

Cited by 6 publications

References 157 publications

Smoking and vaping alter genes related to mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility and severity: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Smoking and vaping alter genes related to mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility and severity: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Impact of climate change on paediatric respiratory health: pollutants and aeroallergens

The Burden of Respiratory Disease from Formaldehyde, Damp and Mould in English Housing

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