A scoping study of debris bed formation in the DEFOR test facility

Steam explosion in nuclear reactors: Droplets of molten steel vs core melt droplets

“…Some of these ''solid bubbles" were destroyed and the character of the damage looks like a crush under the action of high external pressure at the cooling stage of the process. As in early paper by Denham et al [79], the authors of [77,78] supposed that hollow particles are formed by evaporated water and expanded steam within molten droplets. The physical picture of possible penetration of small water jets or droplets into the melt drop is not quite clear at the moment, but one should recall the early paper [80] where the authors assumed that a micro-jet flow is generated during asymmetrical collapse of the steam bubble.…”

“…The alternative theoretical model of this process developed in paper [76] was motivated by the laboratory observations of [77,78] where numerous small particles of radius a < 1 mm with thin wall of thickness d < 0:1 mm and single surface orifices were found in the debris bed after the experiment. Some of these ''solid bubbles" were destroyed and the character of the damage looks like a crush under the action of high external pressure at the cooling stage of the process.…”

Numerical study on sedimentation behavior of solid particles used as simulant fuel debris

“…After the melt discharge to the plenum, FCIs lead to solidification and fragmentation of the melt with very small particles. To investigate FCI phenomena, in fact, a lot of out-of-pile experiments have been performed by discharging the melt into the coolant as a jet through a circular nozzle with a diameter of several centimeters [3,5]. The fragmented core materials into fine debris will relocate to the bottom of the reactor vessel or to the core-catcher (debris tray) finally.…”

“…Over the past decades, many researchers have studied the interactions between molten fuel and coolant. They mostly focused on the jet breakup characteristics [2][3][4] jet fragmentation and premixing -and on the debris formation processes [5]. However, there are very little exper- * Corresponding author.…”

Pressure drops of single/two-phase flows through porous beds with multi-sizes spheres and sands particles

“…Debris and debris bed formed in fuel coolant interactions(Karbojian et al, 2009). Schematic of DEBECO-LT facility.…”