A Pyrazine‐Based 2D Conductive Metal‐Organic Framework for Efficient Lithium Storage^†

Abstract

Comprehensive Summary The merits of intrinsic electrical conductivity, high specific surface area, tunable chemical composition and tailor‐made properties enable two‐dimensional conductive metal‐organic frameworks (2D c‐MOFs) as promising next‐generation electrode materials in the field of energy storage and conversion. Herein, we have designed and synthesized a novel pyrazine‐based 2D c‐MOF (TPQG‐Cu‐MOF) bearing extended π‐conjugated structure and abundant redox active sites. Thanks to the excellent redox reversibility of pyrazine units and CuO2 units, as well as the insolubility of the rigid framework skeleton, TPQG‐Cu‐MOF as the cathode material of lithium‐ion battery exhibits a reversible specific capacity (150.2 mAh·g–1 at 20 mAh·g–1), good cycling stability (capacity retention of 82.6% after 500 cycles at 1 A·g–1) and excellent rate performance. Comprehensive ex‐situ spectroscopic studies revealed the reversible redox activity of pyrazine units and CuO2 units of TPQG‐Cu‐MOF during the Li+ insertion/extraction process. The deepening fundamental understanding of the structure‐property relationship was proposed, which might pave the way for further development of efficient MOF‐based energy storage devices.

Two-Dimensional Effects of Ni-Based Metal–Organic Framework Materials on Electrochemical Actuators

“…This indicates that the material may be more conducive to ion diffusion. Based on the above analysis, the high electron transfer ability and ion diffusion rate of PEDOT:PSS/2D Ni-BDC are important reasons for the enhanced performance of the actuator. − …”

2D Conjugated Metal–Organic Frameworks: Defined Synthesis and Tailor-Made Functions

“…Subsequently, this ligand facilitates the coordination synthesis of Cu-TBA MOFs . Similarly, a pyrazine-based organic ligand, 4,4′,4″,4‴-(pyrazino­[2,3-g]­quinoxaline-2,3,7,8-tetrayl)­tetrakis­(benzene-1,2-diol (8OH-TPQ), also underwent in situ cyclodehydrogenation while simultaneously coordinating with copper ions, resulting in the formation of a dual pore TPQG-Cu-MOF …”

“…This resulting structure exhibits two hexagonal pores of varying sizes. 31 The 2D c-MOFs lattice pore size is predominantly determined by the size of the selected ligands, with the polygonal structures varying accordingly (Figure 4).…”

In Situ Electrochemical Activation of Hydroxyl Polymer Cathode for High‐Performance Aqueous Zinc–Organic Batteries

“…Organic electrode materials (OEMs), as potential alternatives, are composed of naturally abundant elements (such as C, H, O, N, or S), possessing distinct advantageous characteristics, such as resource renewability, structural diversity, and design flexibility. More importantly, OEMs consisting of weak intermolecular interactions exhibit weak Coulomb repulsion to the diffused cations [20–27] . Meanwhile, the soft lattice and unique energy storage mechanism of OEMs could enable the reversible and facile Zn 2+ storage/release.…”

“…More importantly, OEMs consisting of weak intermolecular interactions exhibit weak Coulomb repulsion to the diffused cations. [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] Meanwhile, the soft lattice and unique energy storage mechanism of OEMs could enable the reversible and facile Zn 2 + storage/ release. However, the inherent low conductivity and solubility of OEMs limit the realization of high-performance AZIBs.…”