A screening method for toxicity identification evaluation on an industrial effluent using Chelex®-100 resin and chelators for specific metals

Abstract

Toxicity of an industrial effluent was characterized using a toxicity identification method established at our research institute. Toxicity was evaluated using the Ceriodaphnia dubia survival test. The industrial effluent chosen in the present study had toxic effects on C. dubia before treatment. The effluent was first filtered to remove suspended solids (F-treatment). Activated charcoal was then added to the effluent to adsorb organic substances (AC-treatment), followed by treatment of the supernatant with Chelex-100 resin to remove di- and trivalent cations, including transition metals (C100-treatment). The effluent exhibited a toxic effect on C. dubia even after the AC-treatment, but it was no longer toxic after the C100-treatment, indicating that the effluent contained cations that affect C. dubia survival. To further identify the metals responsible for the toxicity, benzoin-alpha-oxime or dimethylglyoxime was added to the effluent to chelate specific cations. The toxicity of the effluent was eliminated by addition of dimethylglyoxime but not significantly so by addition of benzoin-alpha-oxime, suggesting that the toxicants in the effluent strongly formed complexes with dimethylglyoxime. These results combined with those of metal analysis strongly suggest that nickel might be the noxious agent. The toxicity identification method described in this paper is effective for the identification of metal toxicants in industrial effluents. The method using insoluble chelating resins and chelators for specific metals would serve as a useful addition to the standard toxicity identification evaluation procedure.

Nickel chelation therapy as an approach to combat multi-drug resistant enteric pathogens

“…Indeed, the molecule was first described as nickel “precipitant” in 1946 24 and was later used to identify nickel exposure of the skin 25 , a procedure commonly known as “DMG test” 26,27 . In addition, DMG is routinely used to determine nickel levels in the environment (in soil, water, industrial effluents) 28–30 as well as to assess possible toxic levels of nickel in various items, including jewelry 31 , mobile phones 32 or surgical items 33 . DMG has not been tested for its toxicity or as a possible therapy in animals or in humans.…”