A screening study on extractive content and composition of Scots pine heartwood of three stands with close proximity and their resistance against basidiomycetes

Abstract

The extractive content of inner and outer heartwood of nine Scots pine trees from three different stands in Norway was determined by automated solvent extraction and biological screening tests were performed using basidiomycetes. The evaluation of mass spectra by means of a NIST library search shows that in the petroleum ether extracts α-pinene and carene as well as terpinene and cadinene derivatives are the main extractives found in both inner and outer heartwood. In the inner heartwood, however, these substance groups were found in lower quantities. These substances mainly have a hydrophobic effect. The screening tests indicate that also extractive-rich heartwood is extremely degraded by Poria placenta which corresponds to the analytical results of the petroleum ether extracts.

Improving Fungal Decay Resistance of Less Durable Sapwood by Impregnation with Scots Pine Knotwood and Black Locust Heartwood Hydrophilic Extractives with Antifungal or Antioxidant Properties

“…The decay test was done according to the modified EN 113 standard protocol (CEN, 2006). The mini block test [68,69] was performed for evaluating the decay-retaining properties of Scots pine KWE and black locust HWE on a wood substrate. A Petri dish (dimensions of Ø = 85 mm, h = 21 mm) containing 20-mL 3.9% (aq, w/v) Difco™ Potato Dextrose Agar (Becton, Dickinson and Company (BD), Sparks, MD, USA) was inoculated with wood-decaying fungi.…”

In vitro inhibition of extractives from knotwood of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) and black pine (Pinus nigra) on growth of Schizophyllum commune, Trametes versicolor, Gloeophyllum trabeum and Fibroporia vaillantii

“…The growth dynamics of fungi and inhibition effect of pine wood extractives on the growth of the selected white-rot (S. commune, T. versicolor) and brown-rot fungi (F. vaillantii, G. trabeum) was investigated by means of the agar diffusion test, described in the literature (Celimene et al 1999;Chen et al 2014;Fernandes et al 2017;Lindberg et al 2004;Seppänen et al 2004;Vek et al 2013;Zimmer and Melcher 2017).…”

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) from Wood and Wood-Based Panels: Methods for Evaluation, Potential Health Risks, and Mitigation

“…Naturally, the type and amount of VOCs present (and possibly released) from wood depend also on life history, interaction with biotic and abiotic factors, diseases, soil quality, nutrition, irrigation, weather and climate conditions, health of the plant, as well as its life cycle period (e.g., hibernation) at the moment of timber material production [ 53 ]. Other significant influencing factors are tree age [ 42 ], tree genetics [ 51 ], wood cut location in the log [ 54 , 55 ], tree growth locality [ 56 , 57 ], and also the impact of air pollution and fertilization [ 58 , 59 ]. The method of technological processing, e.g., drying before processing into final products is also important [ 40 , 60 ].…”