A sealed-off double-gap pseudospark switch and its performance analysis

Lamba, Ram Prakash; Pal, Udit Narayan; Meena, B. S.; Prakash, Ram

doi:10.1088/1361-6595/aaab80

Cited by 36 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In early publications many investigations were presented for the switch prototypes on the basis of demountable experimental chambers with external gas filling. Now the sealed-off switches, in which the operating pressure is maintained due to a heated hydrogen reservoir, are developed [38,40,53,54,62,[90][91][92].…”

Section: The Schematic Design and Methods Of Triggering For The Switc...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Low-pressure discharges with hollow cathode and hollow anode and their applications

Korolev¹,

Koval²

2018

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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The review relates to low-pressure discharges with a hollow cathode and a hollow anode. The term ‘low pressure’ implies that a neutral particle density is extremely small and the electron free path for ionization is in excess of the characteristic size for the discharge gap. On the other hand, the neutral particles still play an essential role in forming the gas-discharge plasma. Thus, the discharge regimes keep an intermediate position between the classical low-pressure discharge with avalanche ionization and pure vacuum discharge that burns in the cathode metal vapor. New approaches to the interpretation of the discharge formation mechanism at the stage of delay time to breakdown, and for the discharge sustaining features at the later temporal stages, are discussed. The developed approaches offer the possibility of interpreting the discharge behavior in the systems to obtain a uniform plasma in a large volume of the cathode or anode cavity, in the sources of electron and ion beams based on the plasma cathode and in the high-current pseudospark switches.

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Section: The Schematic Design and Methods Of Triggering For The Switc...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By now, different methods for triggering the switch and different trigger units are developed [38,47,60,63,90]. The device under discussion is based on the trigger unit with an auxiliary glow discharge.…”

Section: The Schematic Design and Methods Of Triggering For The Switc...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-pressure discharges with hollow cathode and hollow anode and their applications

Korolev¹,

Koval²

2018

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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“…Pseudospark-based devices have remarkable features including a hold-off voltage of 10's kV, current capacity of 10's kA, trigger jitter of about 1 ns, repetition rate of several kHz, and electrode erosion rate of about 10 μg/C [6]. Thus, various applications were developed, including electron beam sources developed by scholars from the United Kingdom [7], India [8], and China [9][10][11], extreme ultraviolet light sources developed by scholars from Germany [12] and France [13], high power switches developed by scholars from Russia [14,15] and India [16][17][18], et al To further improve the performances of these devices, considerable efforts have been devoted to the explorations of mechanisms underlying pseudospark discharge. Several sub-phases of the discharge process with distinctive features were clarified, including (I) pre-breakdown phase, (II) hollow cathode discharge (HCD), (III) superdense glow discharge (SGD), and (IV) high current phase with arc cathode spots [4,5,19,20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revealing phase transitions and instabilities in pseudospark discharges

et al. 2022

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Pseudospark discharge is a low‐pressure high‐voltage pulsed discharge with hollow electrodes, and the overall discharge experiences several distinctive sub‐phases. The instability phenomena, characterised by the sudden oscillations or distortions of discharge voltage and current, restrict the applications of pseudospark discharge. This study presents an investigation into phase transitions and instabilities in pseudospark discharge by combining the evidences from multiple discharge waveforms, time‐resolved images, electron beam current profiles, 2D kinetic simulation results, and the spectral line emission of cathode material. The process of a normal pseudospark discharge is firstly discussed, and the threshold conditions of the transition from the superdense glow discharge (SGD) phase to the high current phase with arc cathode spots are addressed. According to temporal profiles and voltage‐current characteristics, two types and four occurrences of instabilities are distinguished: type I—in the pre‐breakdown phase; type II‐1—in the SGD phase; type II‐2—in the transition of cathode spots propagating from cathode hole edge to cathode plane; type II‐3—in the re‐initiation of spots near current reversal. It is found that the instability of type I is caused by the stepwise penetration of virtual anode plasma, and type II is closely related to the cyclic nature and finite lifetime of cathode spots. It is induced by the fact that the decay of cathode spots is faster than the formation under certain conditions, and the existing spots are not able to provide the current required by the external circuit. Important features and the suppression methods of the instabilities are discussed based on the proposed mechanisms.

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“…An illustrative example of hollow-cathode glow discharge device is the so-called pseudospark switch [2,[14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. The device is intended for switching a pulsed current at a level of several kiloamperes and more.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The typical diameter of the cathode cavity in this case is about 3-5 cm which means that the current density at the cathode surface and the plasma density in the hollow cathode are much lower compared to the discharge in the main gap. However, as applied to the case of low current, we also deal with the glow discharge in which the hollow-cathode effect reveals itself distinctively [18,[30][31][32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Operating modes in a low-pressure glow discharge with hollow cathode

Korolev¹,

Landl²,

Франц³

et al. 2022

Plasma Sources Sci. Technol.

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The paper deals with the investigations of the discharge in hydrogen in the conditions close to that for the trigger units of the pseudospark switches. The following modes of discharge sustaining are classified: the Townsend discharge, the suppressed glow discharge with hollow cathode, the intermediate mode of the gradual transition from the suppressed discharge to the ordinary glow discharge, and the ordinary discharge in which the negative glow plasma occupies the whole depth of the cathode cavity. As applied to the ordinary discharge, the theoretical model that offers a possibility to estimate the negative glow parameters is developed. In the current range (1.6–10) mA the electron densities in the negative glow region are (1.7–8.7) 108cm–3. The interpretation for the mechanism of the current passage to the anode is also proposed based on the model. In particular, the explanation of the fact that at a low discharge current the region of the positive column plasma near the flat anode appears is given.

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A sealed-off double-gap pseudospark switch and its performance analysis

Cited by 36 publications

References 22 publications

Low-pressure discharges with hollow cathode and hollow anode and their applications

Low-pressure discharges with hollow cathode and hollow anode and their applications

Revealing phase transitions and instabilities in pseudospark discharges

Operating modes in a low-pressure glow discharge with hollow cathode

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