A search for factors influencing etioplast–chloroplast transition

Pudelski, Birgit; Soll, Jürgen; Philippar, Katrin

doi:10.1073/pnas.0902145106

Cited by 16 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Most striking is the very rapid development of thylakoid membranes, increase in chlorophyll content and construction of the photosynthetic apparatus that requires both a massive import of nuclear encoded plastid proteins and high expression of plastid-encoded genes (Lonosky et al, 2004; von Zychlinski et al, 2005; Philippar et al, 2007; Pudelski et al, 2009; Majeran et al, 2010; Ploscher et al, 2011). Etioplasts display just a basic transcriptional activity and accumulate photosynthesis transcripts only to very low levels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulatory Shifts in Plastid Transcription Play a Key Role in Morphological Conversions of Plastids during Plant Development

et al. 2017

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Plastids display a high morphological and functional diversity. Starting from an undifferentiated small proplastid, these plant cell organelles can develop into four major forms: etioplasts in the dark, chloroplasts in green tissues, chromoplasts in colored flowers and fruits and amyloplasts in roots. The various forms are interconvertible into each other depending on tissue context and respective environmental condition. Research of the last two decades uncovered that each plastid type contains its own specific proteome that can be highly different from that of the other types. Composition of these proteomes largely defines the enzymatic functionality of the respective plastid. The vast majority of plastid proteins is encoded in the nucleus and must be imported from the cytosol. However, a subset of proteins of the photosynthetic and gene expression machineries are encoded on the plastid genome and are transcribed by a complex transcriptional apparatus consisting of phage-type nuclear-encoded RNA polymerases and a bacterial-type plastid-encoded RNA polymerase. Both types recognize specific sets of promoters and transcribe partly over-lapping as well as specific sets of genes. Here we summarize the current knowledge about the sequential activity of these plastid RNA polymerases and their relative activities in different types of plastids. Based on published plastid gene expression profiles we hypothesize that each conversion from one plastid type into another is either accompanied or even preceded by significant changes in plastid transcription suggesting that these changes represent important determinants of plastid morphology and protein composition and, hence, the plastid type.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulatory Shifts in Plastid Transcription Play a Key Role in Morphological Conversions of Plastids during Plant Development

et al. 2017

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“…Unlike seedlings that undergo germination in the light, which immediately undergo photomorphogenesis, seedlings that germinate under soil follow an adaptive growth program known as skotomorphogenesis or etiolation (4)(5)(6). When seedlings finally emerge from soil, light terminates the etiolation program and activates the conversion of etioplasts to chloroplasts, which, in turn, enable the plants to gain photoautotrophic ability (7,8). This transition from darkness to light is a point of particular vulnerability in the life cycle of a higher land plants, however, due to the fact that light energy absorbed by protochlorophyllide (Pchlide) (a precursor of chlorophyll) is extremely phototoxic and can potentially cause seedling death by light-induced photooxidative damage (6,(9)(10)(11).…”

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confidence: 99%

Ethylene-orchestrated circuitry coordinates a seedling’s response to soil cover and etiolated growth

Zhong

Shi

Xue

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

153

151

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Significance Seedlings’ ability to both adapt to their soil environment and acquire photoautotrophic capacity under various buried conditions is a life-or-death issue for terrestrial flowering plants. By designing and utilizing a standardized real-soil assay, we identify the key features of germinating seedlings’ soil response and deduce that the gaseous phytohormone ethylene acts as the primary regulator of soil-induced plant morphogenetic changes. Moreover, our study illustrates that an EIN3/EIL1-conducted PIF3–ERF1 molecular circuitry enables seedlings to synchronize the rate of protochlorophyllide biosynthesis with upward growth, a mechanism critical to the prevention of photooxidative damage during seedlings’ initial transition from dark to light in natural conditions.

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“…Of the 16 members in the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) PRAT family, 10 are located in the mitochondria, with eight genes encoding for inner membrane protein transporters, specifically the Translocase of the Inner Membrane17 (Tim17), Tim23, and Tim22 . In chloroplasts, three PRAT proteins, HP20, HP30-1, and HP30-2, have been proposed to be involved in the import of proteins that do not contain a cleavable transit peptide (Rossig et al, 2013), while the outer envelope PRAT proteins OEP16.1 and OEP16.2 have been shown to be involved in amino acid transport Pudelski et al, 2009Pudelski et al, , 2010Pudelski et al, , 2012. In plants, in comparison with yeast and mammalian systems, the PRAT family appears to have undergone neofunctionalization in that, while all members are predicted to contain four transmembrane regions and a conserved/degenerate PRAT domain, additional domains also have been acquired .…”

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confidence: 99%

Plant-Specific Preprotein and Amino Acid Transporter Proteins Are Required for tRNA Import into Mitochondria

et al. 2016

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A search for factors influencing etioplast–chloroplast transition

Cited by 16 publications

References 54 publications

Regulatory Shifts in Plastid Transcription Play a Key Role in Morphological Conversions of Plastids during Plant Development

Regulatory Shifts in Plastid Transcription Play a Key Role in Morphological Conversions of Plastids during Plant Development

Ethylene-orchestrated circuitry coordinates a seedling’s response to soil cover and etiolated growth

Plant-Specific Preprotein and Amino Acid Transporter Proteins Are Required for tRNA Import into Mitochondria

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