A Search for Sex Differences in Response to Analgesia

Averbuch, Mordechai; Katzper, Meyer

doi:10.1001/archinte.160.22.3424

Cited by 74 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Gender differences have been observed in response to acute pain in the dental pain model with ibuprofen being more effective in men than in women (Walker and Carmody 1998). Other studies using a similar third molar extraction dental pain model have not revealed any gender differences in response to analgesia with ibuprofen (Averbuch and Katzper 2000). Aside from these factors it appears therefore that variability in response to analgesia with ibuprofen may relate to acute pain and altering the pharmacokinetics of the drug and possibly gender differences.…”

Section: Relief Of Pain Inflammation and Fevermentioning

confidence: 98%

Ibuprofen: pharmacology, efficacy and safety

2009

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This assessment of the safety and benefits of ibuprofen can be summarized thus: (1) Ibuprofen at OTC doses has low possibilities of serious GI events, and little prospect of developing renal and associated CV events. Ibuprofen OTC does not represent a risk for developing liver injury especially the irreversible liver damage observed with paracetamol and the occasional liver reactions from aspirin. (2) The pharmacokinetic properties of ibuprofen, especially the short plasma half-life of elimination, lack of development of pathologically related metabolites (e.g. covalent modification of liver proteins by the quinine-imine metabolite of paracetamol or irreversible acetylation of biomolecules by aspirin) are support for the view that these pharmacokinetic and notably metabolic effects of ibuprofen favour its low toxic potential. (3) The multiple actions of ibuprofen in controlling inflammation combine with moderate inhibition of COX-1 and COX-2 and low residence time of the drug in the body may account for the low GI, CV and renal risks from ibuprofen, especially at OTC doses.

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Section: Relief Of Pain Inflammation and Fevermentioning

confidence: 98%

Ibuprofen: pharmacology, efficacy and safety

2009

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“…In general, there is no difference in analgesic responses to ibuprofen between male and female patients when managing post-operative pain. 36 Metaanalyses indicate that ibuprofen produces greater analgesia than paracetamol/codeine combinations. 17 Another meta-analysis of ibuprofen 37 indicated that it produces a dose-related analgesia over the range of 200-800mg, as shown in Fig 1. Thus, increasing the dose of ibuprofen will produce an increasing magnitude of analgesia.…”

Section: Trials/efficacymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…57 In addition, a meta-analysis of third molar extraction studies concluded that women report significantly greater pain levels compared with men. 36 Given these factors, clinicians should prescribe drugs based on the patient's reported pain levels. Although a patient's report of pain is not an exact value, it is a useful alternative to prescribing fixed doses to all patients as this invariably leads to some being over-medicated and others experiencing unnecessary pain due to being under-medicated.…”

Section: The Opioids (Narcotics) Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drugs for pain management in dentistry

Hargreaves

Abbott

2005

Australian Dental Journal

104

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Pain is one of the most common reasons patients seek dental treatment. It may be due to many different diseases/conditions or it may occur after treatment. Dentists must be able to diagnose the source of pain and have strategies for its management. The '3-D's' principle -diagnosis, dental treatment and drugs -should be used to manage pain. The first, and most important, step is to diagnose the condition causing the pain and identify what caused that condition. Appropriate dental treatment should then be undertaken to remove the cause of the condition as this usually provides rapid resolution of the symptoms. Drugs should only be used as an adjunct to the dental treatment. Most painful problems that require analgesics will be due to inflammation. Pain management drugs include non-narcotic analgesics (e.g., non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, paracetamol, etc) or opioids (i.e., narcotics). Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) provide excellent pain relief due to their anti-inflammatory and analgesic action. The most common NSAIDs are aspirin and ibuprofen. Paracetamol gives very effective analgesia but has little anti-inflammatory action. The opioids are powerful analgesics but have significant side effects and therefore they should be reserved for severe pain only. The most commonlyused opioid is codeine, usually in combination with paracetamol. Corticosteroids can also be used for managing inflammation but their use in dentistry is limited to a few very specific situations.Key words: Dentistry, pain, analgesics, non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs, NSAIDs.Abbreviations and acronyms: ACTH = adrenocorticotrophic hormone; CNS = central nervous system; NSAIDs = non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.Aust Dent J 2005;50 Suppl 2:S14-S22

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“…( Fig. 5, 6, 7, 8) In a study conducted on the effects of analgesics on gender, it was found that when ibuprofen was given for moderate to severe dental pain, there were no gender differences 14 . Hence gender of the patient plays a very small role in influencing the choice of analgesic unless the patient happens to be pregnant, lactating etc.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2016

IJPSR

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Aim: The objective of this survey was to assess the awareness pattern of analgesic administration and the various factors impacting the prescription of analgesics. Materials and methods: Pretested interviewer administered questionnaire was distributed to 100 study subjects consisting of post graduates and dental practitioners in Chennai. The questionnaire was designed to contain questions regarding the most commonly prescribed analgesic in various dental procedures and the various factors taken into account by the dentist while prescribing these analgesic drugs. The data was analysed using SPSS software. Results: In this study, the most commonly prescribed analgesic was paracetamol (78%). 63 % of the dentists preferred non-opioids, 28% preferred opioids and the remaining 9% prescribed both opioids and non-opioids.87% of the dentists have chosen combinations of analgesics. The most commonly prescribed combination was paracetamol with diclofenac(59%). 83% of the dentists preferred topical analgesics. 94% of the dentists took into account, the medical condition of the patient while prescribing analgesics. Special care for pediatric patients was given by 97% of the dentists. Among factors like age, gender, economic status and type of procedure, 97% of dentists considered the age, 16% considered the gender, 44 % considered the economic status of the patient and 94% considered the type of procedure for which the analgesic was prescribed. Conclusion: This study could give light to the prescribing pattern of analgesics in a dental office as many new drugs are introduced and many are banned due to their side effects.

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A Search for Sex Differences in Response to Analgesia

Cited by 74 publications

References 31 publications

Ibuprofen: pharmacology, efficacy and safety

Ibuprofen: pharmacology, efficacy and safety

Drugs for pain management in dentistry

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