A search for trace expression of placental-like alkaline phosphatase in non-malignant human tissues: demonstration of its occurrence in lung, cervix, testis and thymus

Goldstein, David J.; Rogers, Caprice E.; Harris, Harry

doi:10.1016/0009-8981(82)90046-8

Cited by 87 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Low levels of PLAP expression have been described in non-malignant tissues such as cervix, lung, testis and thymus (Goldstein et al, 1982;McLaughlin et al, 1984), and elevated serum levels have been found in patients with testis, ovary, cervix and endometrial cancers (Nathanson & Fishman, 1971 We did not detect any P-hCG production in the normal endometrium and found it only rarely in endometrial cancer, in a similar manner to its ectopic production in other cancers, such as of lung and bladder (Braunstein, 1983;Iles et al, 1987). One out of the two specimens of simple endometrial hyperplasia was both PLAP and ,B-hCG positive, suggesting that secretion of these proteins needs to be studied further in endometrial hyperplasia to determine whether it is induced at an early stage of proliferation or malignant transformation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP), an isoenzyme of the alkaline phosphatase group (Fishman et al, 1968), originally isolated from human trophoblast, is also expressed in other non-malignant human tissues (Goldstein et al, 1982;McLaughlin et al, 1984). PLAP is found to be elevated in the sera of some patients with cancers, particularly those of the reproductive tract (Nathanson & Fishman 1971;Wahren et al, 1979).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Characterisation of the differential expression of marker antigens by normal and malignant endometrial epithelium

Chatzaki

Gallagher²,

Iles³

et al. 1994

Br J Cancer

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Summary In order to examine the production of marker proteins, a reproducible method has been established for culturing purified epithelial cells from normal and malignant endometrium. We have examined the differential expression of secretory proteins using immunohistochemistry in frozen tissue sections, immunocytochemistry in cell cultures derived from the same specimens and protein assays on the culture supernatants. Placental al., 1993) and those apparently cured of their endometrial cancer, who yet wish to receive the benefits of hormone replacement therapy (Creasman et al., 1991).Placental protein 14 (PP14) (Bolton et al., 1983) is one of the major proteins secreted by the normal endometrium and the decidua in early pregnancy (Bell et al., 1985;Julkunen et al., 1985). Placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP), an isoenzyme of the alkaline phosphatase group (Fishman et al., 1968), originally isolated from human trophoblast, is also expressed in other non-malignant human tissues (Goldstein et al., 1982;McLaughlin et al., 1984). PLAP is found to be elevated in the sera of some patients with cancers, particularly those of the reproductive tract (Nathanson & Fishman 1971;Wahren et al., 1979). The beta subunit of human chorionic gonadotrophin (P-hCG), a normal product of the trophoblast, and CA-125 (Bast et al., 1981) are both wellcharacterised oncofetal antigens (Braunstein, 1983) found to be synthesised by many normal tissues and epithelial carcinomas of the reproductive tract.We have established an in vitro system for the culture of normal and malignant endometrial epithelium. The differential expression of markers has been characterised in frozen tissue sections, primary cell cultures and in an established endometrial cell line, in order to demonstrate their specific production by the cancers as a preliminary to evaluating their use as clinical markers. Materials and methods TissuesSamples of human endometrium were obtained during normal non-conceptional menstrual cycles from women undergoing diagnostic curettage for gynaecological investigations. In the premenopausal tissues the phase of the menstrual cycle was determined from the last menstrual period and conCorrespondence: C.J. Gallagher. Received 15 October 1993; and in revised form 24 January 1994.firmed by histology as being proliferative (n = 10), secretory (n = 11) or mid-cycle (n = 10). The endometrium was normal by histological examination, and no other gynaecological abnormality was present except in three cases of endometriosis and two of cervical carcinoma in situ (CIN III). Five samples of perimenopausal endometrium with weak proliferative activity (n = 4) or inactive under hormone replacement therapy (n = 1) were obtained from hysterectomies for fibroids (n = 4) or CIN III (n = 1). Samples from postmenopausal women were also obtained from patients undergoing hysteroscopy or hysterectomy; two of these were atrophic, two showed simple hyperplasia and 17 were histologically diagnosed as well-differentiated endometrial adenocarcinoma. None of these...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Characterisation of the differential expression of marker antigens by normal and malignant endometrial epithelium

Chatzaki

Gallagher²,

Iles³

et al. 1994

Br J Cancer

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“…RT-PCR analysis showed significant expression of germ cell alkaline phosphatase mRNA in Tera-1 and -2 and weak expression in RNA derived from HepG2. Previous studies have demonstrated weak expression of germ cell alkaline phosphatase in testis, thymus, lung, cervix 19 and in several non-germ cell tumors as well. [20][21][22] Twenty samples of normal peripheral blood and five samples of progenitor cell harvests tested negative for GCAP mRNA (Figure 1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Detection of tumor cells in peripheral blood samples from patients with germ cell tumors using immunocytochemical and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction techniques

Hildebrandt

Bläser

Beyer

et al. 1998

Bone Marrow Transplant

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Summary:The aim of this study was to establish sensitive techniques for the detection of residual germ cell tumor cells in peripheral blood and progenitor cell harvests. For this purpose, we used immunocytochemical staining for cytokeratin filaments and reverse transcriptasepolymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF-R) and germ cell alkaline phosphatase (GCAP). Germ cell tumor lines Tera-1 and Tera-2 were titrated into normal peripheral blood.

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“…In contrast, ALPL has a widespread tissue distribution (McComb et al, 1974;Goldstein et al, 1982). It is the ALPL enzyme that is deficient in hereditary hypophosphatasia (Rasmussen and Bartter, 1983).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional assignment of the gene for human liver/bone/kidney alkaline phosphatase to chromosome 1p36.1–p34

et al. 1988

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A search for trace expression of placental-like alkaline phosphatase in non-malignant human tissues: demonstration of its occurrence in lung, cervix, testis and thymus

Cited by 87 publications

References 17 publications

Characterisation of the differential expression of marker antigens by normal and malignant endometrial epithelium

Characterisation of the differential expression of marker antigens by normal and malignant endometrial epithelium

Detection of tumor cells in peripheral blood samples from patients with germ cell tumors using immunocytochemical and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction techniques

Regional assignment of the gene for human liver/bone/kidney alkaline phosphatase to chromosome 1p36.1–p34

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