A segmentation algorithm for train wheel tread defect area based on attention mechanism

Abstract

The defect of the train wheel tread is a threat to its safe driving, and the defect detection of the tread is an important work. The extraction of defect area is a crucial link. In this paper, we propose a segmentation algorithm of tread defect area based on attention mechanism, which realizes the more accurate segmentation of tread defect area.This algorithm uses U-net as the backbone network, firstly, introduces the Lovasz-Softmax loss, secondly, CBAM is introduced between the encoder and decoder. Get the attention feature map information in the channel and space dimensions, and then multiply the two feature map information with the original input feature map to make adaptive feature correction to obtain a more accurate feature map and improve the accuracy of the segmentation algorithm.Validated on the dataset of train wheel tread, and the experimental results show that the algorithm PA is 99.54% and mIoU is 98.27%, which improves by 0.83% and 0.73% compared with Unet algorithm, which verifies the effectiveness of the algorithm.