A seismic design method for subsea pipelines against earthquake fault movement

Abstract

As there are no specific guidelines on design of subsea pipelines crossing active seismic faults, methods for land buried pipelines have been applied to. Taking the large seismic fault movement into account, this paper proposes improved methods for seismic designs of subsea pipelines by comprehensively investigating the real constraining of soil on the pipelines, the interaction processes of soil with the pipeline, the plastic slippage of the soil, and the elastic-plastic properties of the pipeline materials. New formulas are given to calculate the length of transition section and its total elongation. These formulas are more reasonable in mechanism, and more practical for seismic design of subsea pipelines crossing active faults.

Preparation and magnetic properties of different morphology nano-SrFe12O19 particles prepared by sol–gel method

“…According to literature [5], the calcination process contains the decomposition of citric acid salt, the crystallization of product, the formation of micro-crystal, the gradual growth and perfection of crystal.…”

“…The strontium ferrite is wide applied in permanent magnetic material as a result of the following advantages: raw material is abundant, the manufacture cost is low, the properties are stable and the sample cannot be oxygenated. In order to improve the properties of SrFe 12 some measures can be taken such as improving its microstructure, controlling its chemical composition, size and morphology [5,6]. So how to prepare the nano-SrFe 12 O 19 with the properties of high purity, ultra-fine, well distribution, and excellent magnetic properties has been the focus recently.…”

Numerical simulation of buckling behavior of the buried steel pipeline under reverse fault displacement

“…Wang et al (2011) analyzed the strain of buried pipes under strike-slip faults. Duan et al (2011) presented a design method of subsea pipelines against earthquake fault movement, but not considering the buckling morphology of the subsea pipeline cross section. Vazouras et al (2010Vazouras et al ( , 2012 studied the mechanical behavior of buried pipelines crossing active strike-slip faults.…”

Buckling behavior analysis of buried gas pipeline under strike-slip fault displacement

“…Wang et al (2011) analyzed the strain of buried pipelines under strike-slip faults. Duan et al (2011) presented a design method of subsea pipelines against earthquake fault movement. Vazouras et al (2010 and studied the mechanical behavior of buried pipelines crossing active strike-slip faults.…”