A semi-active tuned liquid column damper for lateral vibration control of high-rise structures: Theory and experimental verification

Vibration control for high-rise structures has become more important as buildings become more lightweight. Tuned liquid column dampers are an established approach for this problem, as they do not consume high amounts of energy while achieving high damping forces. The natural frequency of tuned liquid column dampers (TLCDs) can be changed semi-actively by modifying their column geometry. As shown by previous studies, this approach increases the control performance of the damper and allows a larger application field. However, this modification simultaneously provokes strong nonlinearities, which need to be addressed for controller design. In this contribution a modelbased controller for such TLCDs is proposed, which explicitly accounts for the nonlinear dynamics of the coupled system consisting of a multi-storey structure with a semi-active TLCD. To account for various system dynamics of the structure, a hierarchical nonlinear model predictive controller (NMPC) in combination with a multi-start strategy is formulated. In addition, an extrapolation algorithm is developed to determine an approximation of the future trajectory of the structure's induced excitation load. The excitation trajectory is then incorporated in the NMPC framework. For validation, a frequency response analysis and a case study are conducted on a 20-storey benchmark structure, which is equipped with a semi-active TLCD. The study is carried out in simulation, and the results are compared with passive vibration control. With the proposed hierarchical control, a significant improvement is shown in the reduction of structural vibrations over the relevant spectrum of excitation frequencies up to a mean of 50%.

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“…previous works 2–4 ) and S‐TLCDs whose natural frequency can be controlled in addition to their damping behaviour (cf. previous works 5–7 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Hierarchical model predictive vibration control for high‐rise structures using semi‐active tuned liquid column damper

Zimmer

Moritz

Altay

et al. 2022

Structural Contr & Hlth

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“…Among other interesting semi‐active devices one should notice the work by Altay and Klinkel 11 who applied a semi‐actively tuned liquid column damper (S‐TLCD) for vibration control in high‐rise civil engineering structures. In contrast to the passive TLCD, the S‐TLCD provides also mechanisms for a real‐time adaptation of both its natural frequency and damping behavior.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Semi‐active modal control of structures with lockable joints: general methodology and applications

Ostrowski

Błachowski

Popławski

et al. 2021

Struct Control Health Monit

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Summary In this study, a novel modal control strategy by means of semi‐actively lockable joints is proposed. The control strategy allows for a directed flow of energy between vibrational modes, which makes it suitable not only for vibration attenuation purposes but also for energy scavenging driven by electromechanical energy harvesters. The proposed control strategy is an extension of the prestress‐accumulation release (PAR) technique; however, it introduces also new concepts that increase the efficiency of the overall control system. Contrary to the PAR, the proposed method requires measurement of both strains in the vicinity of the semi‐active joints and translational velocities that provide global information about system behavior. The latter aspect requires the control system to be organized within a hierarchical feedback architecture. The benefit from this higher complexity of the control system is its better performance compared to the PAR. The proposed semi‐active modal control not only attenuates structural vibration faster, but it also achieves this goal with a smaller number of switches implemented in the joints. The effectiveness of the proposed methodology has been demonstrated on structures equipped with two lockable joints. Two practical examples have been investigated: one employs the concept of vibration‐based energy harvesting for a two‐story frame structure, while the second one reduces vibration of an eight‐story frame structure subjected to kinematic excitation.

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“…As a more matured tuned damper, which eliminates the need for problematic installations of TMDs and rectified the substantial inactive liquid of TLDs, the tuned liquid column damper (TLCD) [8,9] is invented. A number of notable studies on TLCD may include the mathematical description of TLCDs and their optimum parameters using sinusoidal and/or random vibrations, such as [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19], passive TLCDs, such as [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31], and semi-active and active TLCDs, such as [32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mathematical modeling and optimization scheme for omnidirectional tuned liquid column dampers

Mehrkian

Altay

2020

Journal of Sound and Vibration

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As a well-known and reliable control device, tuned liquid column dampers (TLCDs) have been investigated numerically and experimentally and implemented in a number of structures over the last three decades. However, TLCDs basically suffer from the lack of multidirectionality, which is the critical need for real structures, in particular under random vibrations such as wind and earthquake excitations. This aspect has garnered the attention of the structural control community to modify this promising damper to achieve more efficiency and to extend its application range to multidirectional vibrations. This paper proposes a mathematical modeling and optimization approach for omnidirectional tuned liquid column dampers (O-TLCDs). As an improved and reformed TLCD, O-TLCDs are formed by circularly distributed of n (integer n ≥ 3) L-arms about a common joint point at the center, through which all L-arms are connected to each other. Thanks to this layout, O-TLCDs can control structures with full counteracting force capacity in all transversal directions regardless of the excitation angle of incidence. This paper, in the first step, proposes the governing equation of motion of O-TLCDs, for which Lagrange's principle is employed, and the equation of motion of the coupled O-TLCD-structure system. In doing so, a formal solution to determine the degree of freedom (DoF) of the O-TLCD is introduced, which proves independence of the O-TLCD response from the number of L-arms as well as from the angle of excitations. Second, for designing O-TLCDs, a set of design criteria and a general optimization scheme, which accommodate the online simulation of coupled O-TLCD-structure system under arbitrary excitations, are proposed. Consequently, without adding extra complication coming from extra DoFs to the motion equation of the damper, the O-TLCD functions as an enhanced liquid damper for multidirectional vibration attenuation. Next, using the O-TLCDs designed with different mass ratios, numerical simulations of O-TLCD-structure systems are conducted under seismic loads, free vibration, harmonic excitation and white noise and the controlled and uncontrolled responses of the systems are assessed in the time and the frequency domain. Here, the role of important parameters such as the mass ratio, the head loss coefficient, the liquid deflection and the excitation amplitude are evaluated and the influence of varying conditions on the efficiency of the O-TLCD are discussed. Results demonstrate that the proposed O-TLCD can be well tuned to the structure and markedly control the peak and the RMS of responses of the structure. In the end, an experimental study on a prototype O-TLCD is performed using a shaking table, which verifies the proposed mathematical modeling approach.

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A semi-active tuned liquid column damper for lateral vibration control of high-rise structures: Theory and experimental verification

Cited by 43 publications

References 21 publications

Hierarchical model predictive vibration control for high‐rise structures using semi‐active tuned liquid column damper

Hierarchical model predictive vibration control for high‐rise structures using semi‐active tuned liquid column damper

Semi‐active modal control of structures with lockable joints: general methodology and applications

Mathematical modeling and optimization scheme for omnidirectional tuned liquid column dampers

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