A semi-tetrad decomposition of the Kerr spacetime

Abstract

In this paper we perform a semi-tetrad decomposition of the Kerr spacetime. We apply the 1+1+2 covariant method to the Kerr spacetime in order to describe its geometry outside the horizon. Comparisons are drawn between an observer belonging to the Killing frame and a ZAMO (zero angular momentum observer), a locally non-rotating observer in a zero angular momentum frame, and their resulting geometrical quantities that generate the evolution and propagation equations. This enhances the study of the Kerr geometry as the results are valid in the ergoregion from where energy can be extracted. Using this formalism allows us to present the kinematic and dynamic quantities in a transparent geometrical manner not present in alternate approaches. We find significant relationships between the properties of shear, vorticity and acceleration. Additionally we observe that in the Killing frame, the gravitational wave is a direct consequence of vorticity and in the ZAMO frame, the gravitational wave is a direct consequence of shear. To our knowledge, using the 1+1+2 formalism to investigate the Kerr spacetime is a novel approach, and this provides new insights into the spacetime geometry in an easier manner than alternate approaches. Furthermore we make corrections to earlier equations in the 1+1+2 formalism applied to the Kerr spacetime.

The mass gap in five dimensional Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet black holes: a geometrical explanation

“…A visual representation of this splitting is provided in figure 1. This diagram is similar to the 1+3 diagram in [57]. The 1+4 covariantly decomposed spacetime is represented by…”

“…Recently the aforementioned formalisms have provided further insight into tidal forces and gravitational waves [50], the CMB [51] and the behaviour of f (R) gravity [52]. They have further found application in specific spacetimes of physical interest including a general spacetime admitting conformal symmetry [53], Vaidya spacetime [54], LRS spacetimes [55,56] and the Kerr spacetime [57] involving higher order terms. Spacetime decomposition has briefly been investigated in higher dimensions [58,59].…”

“…This further splitting is depicted in figure 2. The diagram is similar to the 1+1+2 diagram in [57]. We can write the definition of e a in general as…”