A Semiautomated Analysis Method for Catecholamines, Indoleamines, and Some Prominent Metabolites in Microdissected Regions of the Nervous System: An Isocratic HPLC Technique Employing Coulometric Detection and Minimal Sample Preparation

Kilpatrick, Ian C.; Jones, Martin; Phillipson, O.T.

doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1986.tb08506.x

Cited by 188 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Dopamine concentration along with its metabolites homovanillic acid (HVA) and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) and turnover ratio [(DOPAC 1 HVA)/dopamine] were determined according to an adaptation by Irwin et al (1992) of the method of Kilpatrick and colleagues (Kilpatrick et al, 1986;Irwin et al, 1992) and used in our previous reports (Petzinger et al, 2007).…”

Section: Hplc Analysis Of Dopamine and Its Metabolitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered AMPA receptor expression with treadmill exercise in the 1‐methyl‐4‐phenyl‐1,2,3,6‐tetrahydropyridine‐lesioned mouse model of basal ganglia injury

VanLeeuwen

Petzinger

Walsh

et al. 2009

J of Neuroscience Research

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Dopamine depletion leads to impaired motor performance and increased glutamatergic-mediated hyperexcitability of medium spiny neurons in the basal ganglia. Intensive treadmill exercise improves motor performance in both saline treatment and the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) mouse model of Parkinson's disease. In the present study, we investigated the effect of high-intensity treadmill exercise on changes in alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPAR) subunit expression, because these receptor channels confer the majority of fast excitatory neurotransmission in the brain, and their subunit composition provides a key mechanism for regulating synaptic strength and synaptic neuroplasticity and is important in modulating glutamatergic neurotransmission. Within the dorsolateral striatum of MPTP mice, treadmill exercise increased GluR2 subunit expression, with no significant effect on GluR1. Furthermore, neurophysiological studies demonstrated a reduction in the size of excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) in striatal medium spiny neurons (as determined by the input-output relationship), reduced amplitude of spontaneous EPSCs, and a loss of polyamine-sensitive inward rectification, all supportive of an increase in heteromeric AMPAR channels containing the GluR2 subunit. Phosphorylation of GluR2 at serine 880 in both saline-treated and MPTP mice suggests that exercise may also influence AMPAR trafficking and thus synaptic strength within the striatum. Finally, treadmill exercise also altered flip isoforms of GluR2 and GluR1 mRNA transcripts. These findings suggest a role for AMPARs in mediating the beneficial effects of exercise and support the idea that adaptive changes in GluR2 subunit expression may be important in modulating experience-dependent neuroplasticity of the injured basal ganglia.

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Section: Hplc Analysis Of Dopamine and Its Metabolitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered AMPA receptor expression with treadmill exercise in the 1‐methyl‐4‐phenyl‐1,2,3,6‐tetrahydropyridine‐lesioned mouse model of basal ganglia injury

VanLeeuwen

Petzinger

Walsh

et al. 2009

J of Neuroscience Research

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“…Reverse-phase HPLC-ED was performed on striatal tissue as outlined by , based on a protocol for catecholamine analysis by Kilpatrick et al (1986). The system included an autoinjector (model 542; EMA Services, Chelmsford, MA), a solvent delivery system (model 582; ESA), an external pulse dampener (ESA), and a MD-150 ϫ 3.2 column (150 ϫ 3.2 mm, 3 m particle size; ESA).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral and Cellular Modulation of l-DOPA-Induced Dyskinesia by β-Adrenoceptor Blockade in the 6-Hydroxydopamine-Lesioned Rat

Lindenbach¹,

Ostock²,

Jaunarajs³

et al. 2011

J Pharmacol Exp Ther

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Chronic dopamine replacement therapy in Parkinson's disease (PD) leads to deleterious motor sequelae known as L-DOPAinduced dyskinesia (LID). No known therapeutic can eliminate LID, but preliminary evidence suggests that dl-1-isopropylamino-3-(1-naphthyloxy)-2-propanol [(Ϯ)propranolol], a nonselective ␤-adrenergic receptor (␤AR) antagonist, may reduce LID. The present study used the rat unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine model of PD to characterize and localize the efficacy of (Ϯ)propranolol as an adjunct to therapy with L-DOPA. We first determined whether (Ϯ)propranolol was capable of reducing the development and expression of LID without impairing motor performance ON and OFF L-DOPA. Coincident to this investigation, we used reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction techniques to analyze the effects of chronic (Ϯ)propranolol on markers of striatal activity known to be involved in LID. To determine whether (Ϯ)propranolol reduces LID through ␤AR blockade, we subsequently examined each enantiomer separately because only the (Ϫ)enantiomer has significant ␤AR affinity. We next investigated the effects of a localized striatal ␤AR blockade on LID by cannulating the region and microinfusing (Ϯ)propranolol before systemic L-DOPA injections. Results showed that a dose range of (Ϯ)propranolol reduced LID without deleteriously affecting motor activity. Pharmacologically, only (Ϫ)propranolol had anti-LID properties indicating ␤AR-specific effects. Aberrant striatal signaling associated with LID was normalized with (Ϯ)propranolol cotreatment, and intrastriatal (Ϯ)propranolol was acutely able to reduce LID. This research confirms previous work suggesting that (Ϯ)propranolol reduces LID through ␤AR antagonism and presents novel evidence indicating a potential striatal locus of pharmacological action.

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“…Neurotransmitter concentrations were determined according to an adaptation of Irwin et al (1992) from the method of Kilpatrick et al (1986). Tissues for analysis were homogenized in 0.4 N perchloric acid and centrifuged at 12,000 ϫ g to separate precipitated protein.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Treadmill Exercise on Dopaminergic Transmission in the 1-Methyl-4-Phenyl-1,2,3,6-Tetrahydropyridine-Lesioned Mouse Model of Basal Ganglia Injury

Petzinger¹,

Walsh²,

Akopian³

et al. 2007

J. Neurosci.

299

239

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Studies have suggested that there are beneficial effects of exercise in patients with Parkinson's disease, but the underlying molecular mechanisms responsible for these effects are poorly understood. Studies in rodent models provide a means to examine the effects of exercise on dopaminergic neurotransmission. Using intensive treadmill exercise, we determined changes in striatal dopamine in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-lesioned mouse. C57BL/6J mice were divided into four groups: (1) saline, (2) saline plus exercise, (3) MPTP, and (4) MPTP plus exercise. Exercise was started 5 d after MPTP lesioning and continued for 28 d. Treadmill running improved motor velocity in both exercise groups. All exercised animals also showed increased latency to fall (improved balance) using the accelerating rotarod compared with nonexercised mice. Using HPLC, we found no difference in striatal dopamine tissue levels between MPTP plus exercise compared with MPTP mice. There was an increase detected in saline plus exercise mice. Analyses using fast-scan cyclic voltammetry showed increased stimulus-evoked release and a decrease in decay of dopamine in the dorsal striatum of MPTP plus exercise mice only. Immunohistochemical staining analysis of striatal tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine transporter proteins showed decreased expression in MPTP plus exercise mice compared with MPTP mice. There were no differences in mRNA transcript expression in midbrain dopaminergic neurons between these two groups. However, there was diminished transcript expression in saline plus exercise compared with saline mice. Our findings suggest that the benefits of treadmill exercise on motor performance may be accompanied by changes in dopaminergic neurotransmission that are different in the injured (MPTP-lesioned) compared with the noninjured (saline) nigrostriatal system.

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A Semiautomated Analysis Method for Catecholamines, Indoleamines, and Some Prominent Metabolites in Microdissected Regions of the Nervous System: An Isocratic HPLC Technique Employing Coulometric Detection and Minimal Sample Preparation

Cited by 188 publications

References 32 publications

Altered AMPA receptor expression with treadmill exercise in the 1‐methyl‐4‐phenyl‐1,2,3,6‐tetrahydropyridine‐lesioned mouse model of basal ganglia injury

Altered AMPA receptor expression with treadmill exercise in the 1‐methyl‐4‐phenyl‐1,2,3,6‐tetrahydropyridine‐lesioned mouse model of basal ganglia injury

Behavioral and Cellular Modulation of l-DOPA-Induced Dyskinesia by β-Adrenoceptor Blockade in the 6-Hydroxydopamine-Lesioned Rat

Effects of Treadmill Exercise on Dopaminergic Transmission in the 1-Methyl-4-Phenyl-1,2,3,6-Tetrahydropyridine-Lesioned Mouse Model of Basal Ganglia Injury

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