“…Nanomaterial-based mimetic enzymes (called as nanozymes) have drawn great attention thanks to their low cost, simple preparation process, and good stability. − Ever since the first report of Fe 3 O 4 as artificial peroxidase by Yan’s group, a series of nanomaterials containing carbon nanomaterials, metal, and metal oxide nanoparticles have been found to mimic natural enzymes, such as peroxidase, catalase, superoxide dismutase, nitrate reductase, esterase, phosphatase, urease, and silicatein. ,− These nanozymes have been utilized for sensing, imaging, theranostics, and molecular computing. − Despite these achievements, the catalytic activity of traditional nanozymes is highly dependent on their structure, size, morphology, and surface composition. − The nanozymes usually include a mixture of nanoparticles with various morphologies. Only small fraction of nanoparticles contributes to the enzyme activity.…”