A sensorimotor view of verbal working memory

Buchsbaum, Bradley R.; D’Esposito, Mark

doi:10.1016/j.cortex.2018.11.010

Cited by 73 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 127 publications

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“…Early theorizing by Saffran and Martin (1997) explored relationships between aphasic patients' VWM in the context of their language production abilities, informed by Dell (1986) spreading activation model of language production (Martin et al, 1996;Saffran and Martin, 1997). We advocate this ''rich emergent'' approach here, where VWM is the activated portion of linguistic LTM (Cowan, 1993;Postle, 2006;Acheson and MacDonald, 2009a,b;Hasson et al, 2015;MacDonald, 2016;Buchsbaum and D'Esposito, 2019). This approach emphasizes VWM as a complex of skills, honed by past language comprehension and production experience.…”

Section: Working Memory Models and Terminologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some researchers distinguish VWM as an immediate memory for processing of information (converting speech to meaning, say) from short-term memory (STM), a passive temporary store. However, as Buchsbaum and D'Esposito (2019) have noted, information is always being transformed in some way in the service of goal-directed behavior, and so we will use the term VWM to refer to both storage and processing, except where we specifically refer to theories invoking an STM component. Finally, VWM researchers have increasingly investigated the ability to recall verbal material in the same order it was presented.…”

Section: Working Memory Models and Terminologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Performance on VWM tasks co-opts language LTM, by which we mean any parts of LTM involved in language tasks, including knowledge of events, word meanings, word order, phonological form, and other information (MacDonald and Christiansen, 2002;Acheson and MacDonald, 2009b;MacDonald, 2016). LTM itself is characterized as a set of processing mechanisms employed to achieve goal-directed behavior rather than store a static set of memoranda chunked or compressed from prior experience (Postle, 2006;Buchsbaum and D'Esposito, 2019). In the case of WM for linguistic memoranda, we have proposed that the language production architecture is co-opted to maintain and order the memoranda, obviating the need for a separate memory buffer (Acheson and MacDonald, 2009b;MacDonald, 2016).…”

Section: Working Memory Models and Terminologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Verbal Working Memory as Emergent from Language Comprehension and Production

Schwering

MacDonald

2020

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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This article reviews current models of verbal working memory and considers the role of language comprehension and long-term memory in the ability to maintain and order verbal information for short periods of time. While all models of verbal working memory posit some interaction with long-term memory, few have considered the character of these long-term representations or how they might affect performance on verbal working memory tasks. Similarly, few models have considered how comprehension processes and production processes might affect performance in verbal working memory tasks. Modern theories of comprehension emphasize that people learn a vast web of correlated information about the language and the world and must activate that information from long-term memory to cope with the demands of language input. To date, there has been little consideration in theories of verbal working memory for how this rich input from comprehension would affect the nature of temporary memory. There has also been relatively little attention to the degree to which language production processes naturally manage serial order of verbal information. The authors argue for an emergent model of verbal working memory supported by a rich, distributed long-term memory for language. On this view, comprehension processes provide encoding in verbal working memory tasks, and production processes maintenance, serial ordering, and recall. Moreover, the computational capacity to maintain and order information varies with language experience. Implications for theories of working memory, comprehension, and production are considered.

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Section: Working Memory Models and Terminologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Working Memory Models and Terminologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Working Memory Models and Terminologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Verbal Working Memory as Emergent from Language Comprehension and Production

Schwering

MacDonald

2020

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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“…Particularly verbal WM is crucial for speech comprehension (Buchsbaum and D'Esposito, 2019), but speech comprehension additionally requires the processing of extralinguistic cues, such as voice features and prosody (Larrouy-Maestri et al, 2013;Hellbernd and Sammler, 2016). Language learning can benefit from prosodic cues, suggesting interactions of verbal and extralinguistic memory (Schon et al, 2008;de Diego-Balaguer et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-training Load-Related Changes of Auditory Working Memory – An EEG Study

Gudi-Mindermann

Rimmele

Bruns

et al. 2020

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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Working memory (WM) refers to the temporary retention and manipulation of information, and its capacity is highly susceptible to training. Yet, the neural mechanisms that allow for increased performance under demanding conditions are not fully understood. We expected that post-training efficiency in WM performance modulates neural processing during high load tasks. We tested this hypothesis, using electroencephalography (EEG) (N = 39), by comparing source space spectral power of healthy adults performing low and high load auditory WM tasks. Prior to the assessment, participants either underwent a modality-specific auditory WM training, or a modality-irrelevant tactile WM training, or were not trained (active control). After a modality-specific training participants showed higher behavioral performance, compared to the control. EEG data analysis revealed general effects of WM load, across all training groups, in the theta-, alpha-, and betafrequency bands. With increased load theta-band power increased over frontal, and decreased over parietal areas. Centro-parietal alpha-band power and central betaband power decreased with load. Interestingly, in the high load condition a tendency toward reduced beta-band power in the right medial temporal lobe was observed in the modality-specific WM training group compared to the modality-irrelevant and active control groups. Our finding that WM processing during the high load condition changed after modality-specific WM training, showing reduced beta-band activity in voice-selective regions, possibly indicates a more efficient maintenance of task-relevant stimuli. The general load effects suggest that WM performance at high load demands involves complementary mechanisms, combining a strengthening of task-relevant and a suppression of task-irrelevant processing.

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“…On the other hand, the brain regions related to verbal informational processing differ. When people remember words, the parieto-temporal region is activated [23]. Intriguingly, this fMRI study also reported that working memory for "words" (as compared to for "figures") was delayed during the formation of the phonological loop in the brain regions including the PFC, suggesting that figures were faster than words for working memory acquisition associated with informational processing in the PFC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Information Delivery Methods and their Association with Older Adults Memory and Comprehension

Imamura¹,

Murakami²,

Kimura³

et al. 2019

J Aging Sci

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The global population is aging. As people age, they typically experience gradual changes in hearing, vision, coordination, balance, working memory, and cognitive function. Products, communication materials, and information provision are often accommodated for older adults. In this study, we examined various information delivery methods and their association with older adults' working memory and cognitive function (N=18; 10 women). Participants completed tests or followed instructions that consisted of either only figures, only words, or a combination of both figures and words. First, concerning working memory, six well-known information symbols were shown to participants in one of three patterns. Each pattern was displayed on a screen for 20 sec, and working memory was measured as the number of correct items participants recalled. Cognitive function was assessed by participants' ability to construct three different objects (giraffe, flower, and tulip) using blocks. Participants were

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A sensorimotor view of verbal working memory

Cited by 73 publications

References 127 publications

Verbal Working Memory as Emergent from Language Comprehension and Production

Verbal Working Memory as Emergent from Language Comprehension and Production

Post-training Load-Related Changes of Auditory Working Memory – An EEG Study

Information Delivery Methods and their Association with Older Adults Memory and Comprehension

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