The
hitherto unknown influence of 1,10-phenonthroline (1,10-phen)
and its derivatives on the weak chemiluminescence (CL) of periodate-peroxide
has been investigated, and a novel method for CL catalysis is described.
Herein, we have deconvoluted the variation in CL intensity arising
from the addition of various derivatives of 1,10-phen. Interestingly,
similar derivatives of 1,10-phen show interesting differences in their
reactivity toward CL. Electron-withdrawing substituents on 1,10-phen
boosted the CL signals, indicating a negative charge buildup on 1,10-phen
in the rate-determining step. The 1,10-phen derivatives having substitution
at the C5=C6 position resulted in no
CL signals due to the blockage of the reactive site. Mechanistic investigations
are interpreted in terms of free radical (H2O2 reaction), followed by the oxygen atom transfer via an electrophilic
attack of IO4– (IO4– reaction) on 1,10-phen resulting in dioxetane with enhanced CL emission.
Additionally, the relationship between electronic structures and photophysical
properties was investigated using density functional theory. Our results
are expected to open up promising application of 1,10-phen as a molecular
catalyst, providing a new strategy for metal-free catalytic CL enhancement
reaction. We believe that this would foster in gleaning more detailed
information on the nature of these reactions, thereby leading to a
deeper understanding of the CL mechanism.