A Serious Disease of Groundnut Caused by Cowpea Mild Mottle Virus in the Sudan

Elhassan, Siddig; Naidu, R. A.; Ahmed, A. H.; Murant, A. F.

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0434.1997.tb00405.x

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Naturally infected cowpea plants exhibit either a mild systemic mottle or are symptomless. Differences in symptom severity in cowpea plants make economic assessment of the disease difficult, but it is nonetheless considered a definite threat to the successful production of such legumenous crops as soybeans, peanuts, beans and mungbeans, all of which are intercropped with cowpeas in many tropical countries in Africa and Asia [6,16,23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence that whitefly-transmitted cowpea mild mottle virus belongs to the genus Carlavirus

et al. 1998

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Two strains of whitefly-transmitted cowpea mild mottle virus (CPMMV) causing severe (CPMMV-S) and mild (CPMMV-M) disease symptoms in peanuts were collected from two distinct agro-ecological zones in India. The host-range of these strains was restricted to Leguminosae and Chenopodiaceae, and each could be distinguished on the basis of symptoms incited in different hosts. The 3'-terminal 2500 nucleotide sequence of the genomic RNA of both the strains was 70% identical and contains five open reading frames (ORFs). The first three (P25, P12 and P7) overlap to form a triple gene block of proteins, P32 encodes the coat protein, followed by P12 protein located at the 3' end of the genome. Genome organization and pair-wise comparisons of amino acid sequences of proteins encoded by these ORFs with corresponding proteins of known carlaviruses and potexviruses suggest that CPMMV-S and CPMMV-M are closely related to viruses in the genus Carlavirus. Based on the data, it is concluded that CPMMV is a distinct species in the genus Carlavirus.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence that whitefly-transmitted cowpea mild mottle virus belongs to the genus Carlavirus

et al. 1998

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“…'Wilis' did not affect the plant height and number of leaves. This is different from CPMMV infection in the groundnut in Sudan, which caused stunting, reduction of internodes length, and leaf [7]. Remarks: Means within a column followed by the same letter are not significantly different at 0.05 level in a DMRT, α = 5% *Abnormal seed was indicated by discoloration and malformation of seed (black and wrinkled seed)…”

Section: Figure 1 Development Of Mottle Disease On 'Wilis'mentioning

confidence: 91%

“…CPMMV has become a severe problem in Sudan [7]. Offei and Albrechtsen [8] reported that infection of CPMMV on Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea L.) caused a reduction in the number of pods, seeds, and seed weight.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Initial Inoculum Level of Cowpea mild mottle Carlavirus on Mottle Disease Development and Yield of Soybean

Sutrawati¹,

Hidayat²,

Soekarno³

et al. 2021

Proceedings of the International Seminar on Promoting Local Resources for Sustainable Agriculture and Development (ISPLRSAD 202

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Cowpea mild mottle virus (CPMMV) was reported causing systemic mottling, chlorotic blotch, and leaf malformation on cowpea from several tropical regions of Africa, Asia, and South America. Recently, CPMMV infection was reported from several soybean growing areas in Indonesia with high incidence. The disease tends to spread and develop very rapidly. A field experiment at Bogor was conducted to study disease development caused by CPMMV and its impact on soybean cv yield. Wilis. Soybean field was infested by CPMVV at different infection levels, i.e., 0%, 10%, 30%, and 50%. Virus indexing was done at two weeks interval by symptom observation and leaves collection for virus detection using dot immunobinding assay. Mild mottle symptoms were first shown 14 days after planting. The infection rate decreased with the increasing number of initial inoculums, whereas disease incidence increased with the growing number of initial inoculums. The infection of CPMMV caused a reduction of pods number and seed number, i.e., up to 18.81% and 30%, respectively.

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“…In general, carlaviruses are both sap-transmitted and transmitted by aphids (King et al 2011). Several aphid species (Aphis craccivora, A. glycines, A. gossypii, A. spiraecola, Myzus persicae) have therefore been tested as possible vectors of CPMMV yet none of these were able to transmit the virus (Iwaki et al 1982;Thouvenel et al 1982;El-Hassan et al 1997;Mansour et al 1998). This led to the discovery that CPMMV is an exception among carlaviruses, being transmitted by the whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Hemptera: Aleyrodidae) (Iwaki et al 1982;Munyappa and Reddy 1983;Jeyanandarajah and Brunt 1993;Naidu et al 1998;Marubayashi et al 2010).…”

Section: Transmission Modementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The virus was subsequently described in Sudan infecting irrigated groundnut during the 1992-1994 seasons. Over the period of 3 years, the incidence in groundnut fields usually ranged between 10 and 50%, but in some fields amounted to 100% (El-Hassan et al 1997), with losses of 10-100%.…”

Section: The Spread Of Cpmmv Globally and In Brazilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cowpea mild mottle virus (Carlavirus, Betaflexiviridae): a review

Zanardo

Carvalho

2017

Trop. plant pathol.

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In this review we describe and discuss the biology and aspects of infection of a pathogen, the RNA virus Cowpea mild mottle virus (CPMMV), that emerged as a problem in soybean and is re-emerging in common bean. The review takes a global perspective but has an emphasis on Brazilian soybean in which CPMMV causes stem necrosis. Since its first description in Ghana in 1973, CPMMV has spread across the world and, although it principally infects Fabaceae, it is also able to infect hosts from Solanaceae and Lamiaceae. While the problem in soybean is being tackled with resistant varieties, CPMMV is re-emerging in genetically modified common bean. To limit the impact of CPMMV and combat future outbreaks, it is necessary to understand the ecological and evolutionary factors that influence its emergence. We identify surveillance as a key defense against CPMMV, as CPMMV is transmitted non-persistently by the whitefly Bemisia tabaci, there is the possibility of seed transmission and the virus is able to cause asymptomatic infections. We discuss the potential for development of resistant crop lines and identify key areas for future research.

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A Serious Disease of Groundnut Caused by Cowpea Mild Mottle Virus in the Sudan

Cited by 8 publications

References 9 publications

Evidence that whitefly-transmitted cowpea mild mottle virus belongs to the genus Carlavirus

Evidence that whitefly-transmitted cowpea mild mottle virus belongs to the genus Carlavirus

Effect of Initial Inoculum Level of Cowpea mild mottle Carlavirus on Mottle Disease Development and Yield of Soybean

Cowpea mild mottle virus (Carlavirus, Betaflexiviridae): a review

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