A Seroepidemiological Survey of <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> and <i>Chlamydia</i> Infection in Chickens, Ducks, and Geese in Jilin Province, Northeastern China

Li, Ming-Han; Yang, Bintong; Yin, Zhiwei; Wang, Wei; Zhao, Quan; Jiang, Jing

doi:10.1089/vbz.2020.2614

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The results showed that ducks 1<years≤2 of age (OR: 4.1; 95% CI: 1.0-17.2) had four times higher risk of being positive compared with ducks ≤1 year-old, indicating that age may be a risk factor for T. gondii infection, in agreement with previous studies (40)(41)(42)(43). Age is widely considered as a risk factor for high infection rates of T. gondii (44,45).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Molecular Detection of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum in Domestic Ducks in Hunan Province, China

Zheng

Yang

et al. 2021

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum are protozoan parasites that infect warm-blooded animals, and cause major economic losses in livestock industries worldwide. However, little is known about the genotypes of T. gondii and N. caninum in domestic ducks in China. Herein, brain samples from 588 domestic ducks from Hunan province in China were examined for the presence of T. gondii and N. caninum. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect T. gondii B1 gene and N. caninum NC-5 gene. Forty-five DNA samples (7.7%; 95% CI: 5.5–9.9) were positive for B1 gene, and two (0.3%; 95% CI: 0–0.7) were positive for NC-5 gene. The risk factors significantly associated with T. gondii infection were age and sex. The 45 samples positive for T. gondii were genotyped using multi-locus PCR-RFLP analysis and only one sample was fully genotyped as ToxoDB#9 (Chinese I). These results provide new information about the epidemiology of T. gondii and N. caninum in ducks in Hunan province in China. The data also highlight the importance of a “One Health” approach to dealing with toxoplasmosis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Molecular Detection of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum in Domestic Ducks in Hunan Province, China

Zheng

Yang

et al. 2021

Front. Vet. Sci.

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“…The specific antibodies against Chlamydia at genus level from pigs were detected by indirect hemagglutination assay (IHA) using a commercially available kit (Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China) according to the manufacturer's instructions, and this kit can be used to detect antibodies against Chlamydia at the genus level in all mammals (Li et al, 2020 , Ni et al, 2015 , Zhang et al, 2014 ). Briefly, the serum was diluted by serial fourfold from 1:4 to 1:64, and the positive and negative serum were separately added to each plate.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence and Risk Factors of Chlamydia Infection in Pigs in Hunan Province, Southern China, 2017–2018

Yang,

Chen,

Quan

et al. 2024

Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases

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Background: Chlamydia is a Gram-negative obligate intracellular bacterium that is pathogenic for humans and a large variety of veterinary animal species. However, there is no continuous monitoring of chlamydia infection data in pigs in Hunan province, southern China. Therefore, in order to evaluate the seroprevalence and identify risk factors associated with Chlamydia infection in pigs within this region, a comprehensive study was conducted. Methods: A total of 3848 serum samples were collected from pigs (from farmers and companies) between May 2017 and August 2018. The presence of specific antibodies against Chlamydia was determined through the employment of the indirect hemagglutination assay (IHA). Results: The overall seroprevalence of Chlamydia was determined to be 26.90% (1038/3848, 95% confidence interval: 25.60–28.40). By employing statistical analysis using SPSS software ( p < 0.05), factors such as altitude, sampling regions, and rearing systems of pigs were identified as potential risk factors for Chlamydia infection. Conclusion: These findings elucidate a substantial prevalence of Chlamydia in pigs within the mountainous region of Hunan province, southern China, thereby highlighting a potential risk to human health. These results underscore the need for proactive measures and targeted interventions to mitigate the transmission of Chlamydia in porcine populations, safeguarding both animal welfare and public health.

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“…Diagnosis of T. gondii infection especially in birds is mainly based on the detection of specific antibodies using serological tests (Cabezón et al, 2011;Li et al, 2020). It has been reported that antibodies to Toxoplasma infection in cats could be detected within 3 weeks of infection and persisted in high titers for 5 years even in the absence of reinfection (Dubey, 1995).…”

Section: Diagnosis Of Toxoplasmosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, spontaneous abortion, mental, and congenital disorders, as well as stillbirth and other complications were observed in people infected with T. gondii (Krueger et al, 2014;Egorov et al, 2018). Generally, the diagnosis of toxoplasmosis depends mainly on the detection of specific antibodies using serological tests (Li et al, 2020). Microscopic examination and molecular techniques such as Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) are other methods used for the diagnosis of toxoplasmosis (Barakat et al, 2012;Ibrahim et al, 2016a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Highlight on Avian Toxoplasmosis: One Health Disease with a Special Reference to the Current Egyptian Situation

El-Ghany¹

2021

WVJ

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This review article was developed to the infection of avian species with Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii), diagnosis, pet bird and human infection, and control methods with a special reference to the current status of infection among the Egyptian poultry farms and population. Toxoplasmosis is a zoonotic disease caused by a unicellular, protozoan parasite T. gondii. Different domesticated and wild animals, as well as birds can harbor T. gondii and may be a potential source of infection to humans. Avian species could be infected with T. gondii through the ingestion of contaminated food, soil, and water with oocysts shed in the excreta of infected animals, especially cats. Poor sanitation and hygienic conditions increase the risk of infection. Consumption of food or water, as well as undercooked poultry meat or meat products containing the oocysts of the parasite, are the main sources of human infection with T. gondi. Diagnosis of T. gondii in the infected host depends on the serological detection of specific antibodies and molecular detection of the parasite. Microscopic demonstration of the oocysts and other developmental stages of the parasite in the intestine, liver, brain, and skeletal muscles tissues is another means for rapid diagnosis. Generally, a high prevalence of the disease is also reported in pet birds. Toxoplasmosis in humans is associated with abortion, congenital disorders, stillbirth, and other complications, especially in immunocompromised patients. Application of hygienic measures, as well as public awareness, are essential for the prevention and control of toxoplasmosis. In different Egyptian governorates, a high prevalence of T. gondii has been detected in animals, birds, and humans. High incidence of infection was recorded due to the contact with Toxoplasma oocysts shed mainly from infected cats or other carriers. Egyptian chicken and turkey flocks and backyard birds revealed the presence of different developmental stages of the parasite and even its antibodies. In addition, human populations showed signs of toxoplasmosis with severe complications.

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A Seroepidemiological Survey of Toxoplasma gondii and Chlamydia Infection in Chickens, Ducks, and Geese in Jilin Province, Northeastern China

Cited by 9 publications

References 28 publications

Molecular Detection of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum in Domestic Ducks in Hunan Province, China

Molecular Detection of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum in Domestic Ducks in Hunan Province, China

Seroprevalence and Risk Factors of Chlamydia Infection in Pigs in Hunan Province, Southern China, 2017–2018

A Highlight on Avian Toxoplasmosis: One Health Disease with a Special Reference to the Current Egyptian Situation

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