A Serologic Survey for Antibodies to Three Canine Viruses in Wolverines (Gulo gulo) from the Brooks Range, Alaska

Dalerum, Fredrik; Shults, Brad S.; Kunkel, Kyran

doi:10.7589/0090-3558-41.4.792

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Greene (1998) suggested that CAV can remain stable in the environment for long periods under cold conditions, which might partially explain the high prevalence on the Alaska Peninsula. Sympatric carnivores could also serve as reservoirs that perpetuate high CAV prevalence in wolves (Zarnke et al 1997;Dalerum et al 2005;Almberg et al 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…data), the observed declines in prevalence could also indicate that conspecifics are not the primary source of infection. Sympatric carnivores could also serve as reservoirs for CCV (Foreyt and Evermann 1985;Dalerum et al 2005), and changes in their populations might also influence transmission rates. Additionally, CCV is environmentally labile and variation in CCV antibody Fall 17 (2/12) 100 (2/2) 0 (0/3) 0 (0/16) 9 (1/11) 0 (0/2) Spring -100 (15/15) 44 (4/9) 0 (0/12) 20 (1/5) 0 (0/7) Total 17 100 33 0 13 0 prevalence could also be related to varying environmental conditions during our study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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PREVALENCE OF ANTIBODIES FOR SELECTED CANINE PATHOGENS AMONG WOLVES (CANIS LUPUS) FROM THE ALASKA PENINSULA, USA

Watts

Benson

2016

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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We collected blood samples from wolves ( Canis lupus ) on the Alaska Peninsula, southwest Alaska, US, 2006-11 and tested sera for antibodies to canine adenovirus (CAV), canine coronavirus (CCV), canine distemper virus (CDV), canine herpesvirus (CHV), canine parainfluenza (CPI), canine parvovirus (CPV), Neospora caninum , and Toxoplasma gondii . Detected antibody prevalence was 90% for CAV, 28% for CCV, 12% for CDV, 93% for CHV, 0% for CPI, 20% for CPV, 0% for N. caninum, and 86% for T. gondii . Prevalence of CCV antibodies suggested a seasonal pattern with higher prevalence during spring (43%) than in fall (11%). Prevalence of CCV antibodies also declined during the 6-yr study with high prevalence during spring 2006-08 (80%, n=24) and low prevalence during spring 2009-11 (4%, n=24). Prevalence of N. caninum and T. gondii antibodies were highly variable in the study area during 2006-11. Results suggested that some pathogens might be enzootic on the Alaska Peninsula (e.g., CAV and CHV) while others may be epizootic (e.g., CCV, N. caninum , T. gondii ).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PREVALENCE OF ANTIBODIES FOR SELECTED CANINE PATHOGENS AMONG WOLVES (CANIS LUPUS) FROM THE ALASKA PENINSULA, USA

Watts

Benson

2016

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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“…However, not all harvested wolverines are registered. To gather population information on this population, 139 wolverine carcasses were salvaged from hunters from 1996 to 2003 (ranging from 2 carcasses/yr to 53 carcasses/yr; e.g., Dalerum 2005;Dalerum et al 2005Dalerum et al , 2007. Although this collection was not systematic enough to provide us with direct correction factors for official harvest statistics, when combined with official harvest statistics it allowed us to create likely boundaries for wolverine harvest in the area, which we set to vary from 10 animals/year to 100 animals/year.…”

Section: Population Model and Model Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating Sustainable Harvest in Wolverine Populations Using Logistic Regression

2008

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Population viability analysis (PVA) is a common tool to evaluate population vulnerability. However, most techniques require reliable estimates of underlying population parameters, which are often difficult to obtain and PVA are, therefore, best used in a qualitative context. Logistic regression is a powerful alternative to traditional PVA methods but has received surprisingly limited attention. Logistic regression fits regression equations to binary output from PVA models at a specific point in time to predict probability of a binary response over a range of parameter values. We used logistic regression on output from stochastic population models to evaluate the relative importance of demographic parameters for wolverine (Gulo gulo) populations and to estimate sustainable harvest in a wolverine population in Alaska. Our analysis indicated that adult survival is the most important demographic parameter to reliably estimate in wolverine populations because it had a greater effect on population persistence than did both fecundity and subadult survival. In accordance with this, harvest rate had a greater effect on population persistence than did any of the other harvest‐ and migration‐related variables we tested. Furthermore, a high proportion of harvested females strengthened the effect of harvest. Hypothetical wolverine populations suffered high probabilities of both extinction and population decline over a range of realistic population sizes and harvest regimes. We suggest that harvested wolverine populations must be regarded as sink populations and that source populations in combination with sufficient dispersal corridors must be secured for any wolverine harvest to be sustainable.

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“…In the order Carnivora, six families are suspected of being susceptible to CPV: Felidae, Canidae, Procyonidae, Mustelidae, Ursidae, Ailuridae, and Viverridae [5]. Serological surveys in countries around the world report the high prevalence of CPV-2 in several species of captive and free-ranging wild carnivores [14][15][16][17]. In South American countries, including Brazil, serological studies show a high prevalence of antibodies against CPV-2 in this species [17][18][19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First detection of canine parvovirus 2b DNA in a crab-eating fox pup (Cerdocyon thous, Linnaeus, 1766)

et al. 2020

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The crab-eating fox (Cerdocyon thous) is a small wild mammal present in all Brazilian biomes and in some countries of South America. This study aimed to verify the involvement of viral infectious agents in the death of a wild crab-eating fox pup (Cerdocyon thous) in Brazil. The Center for Medicine and Research of Wild Animals of the Universidade Estadual Paulista received a free-living crab-eating fox aged approximately 21 days and apparently healthy. After 13 days, the animal presented anorexia, diarrhea, fever, prostration, and neurological signs progressing to death with an inconclusive diagnosis. In a retrospective study, tissue fragments stored at − 80°C were used to identify nucleic acids from major canine viruses, such as canine parvovirus-2 (CPV-2), canine adenovirus A types 1 and 2, canid alphaherpesvirus 1, and canine distemper virus. The amplified product with the expected length for CPV-2 was obtained from the heart fragment. After performing nucleotide (nt) sequencing of the amplicon, it was possible to demonstrate that the crab-eating fox strain exhibited high (99.8%) nt identity with the CPV-2b prototype (CPV-39 strain). Additionally, deduced amino acid (aa) sequence analysis showed the GAT codon for the aa Asp (D) at position 426 of the CPV-2 viral protein VP2, which characterizes the subtype 2b. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this report describes the first detection of CPV-2b DNA in tissue fragments from a crab-eating fox.

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A Serologic Survey for Antibodies to Three Canine Viruses in Wolverines (Gulo gulo) from the Brooks Range, Alaska

Cited by 8 publications

References 19 publications

PREVALENCE OF ANTIBODIES FOR SELECTED CANINE PATHOGENS AMONG WOLVES (CANIS LUPUS) FROM THE ALASKA PENINSULA, USA

PREVALENCE OF ANTIBODIES FOR SELECTED CANINE PATHOGENS AMONG WOLVES (CANIS LUPUS) FROM THE ALASKA PENINSULA, USA

Estimating Sustainable Harvest in Wolverine Populations Using Logistic Regression

First detection of canine parvovirus 2b DNA in a crab-eating fox pup (Cerdocyon thous, Linnaeus, 1766)

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