A serologic survey of <i>Mycoplasma</i> spp. in farmed bison (<i>Bison bison</i>) herds in western Canada

Bras, Ana L.; Suleman, Muhammad; Woodbury, Murray R.; Register, Karen B.; Barkema, Herman W.; Perez-Casal, José; Windeyer, M. Claire

doi:10.1177/1040638717710057

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Using the KEGG annotations pipeline [ 27 ], the formulations could be derived by selecting isolates with functional heterogeneity. In the case of M. bovis , genotypic differences have been observed among isolates from a single herd and even at different anatomical sites within the same animal [ 57 , 58 ]. We assumed that implementing traditional empirical approaches to screen individual isolates for vaccine development is time-consuming when considering the difficulty of cultivating and maintaining a large number of isolates in the laboratory.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population Genomic Analysis of Mycoplasma bovis Elucidates Geographical Variations and Genes associated with Host-Types

Kumar

Christopher‐Hennings

et al. 2020

Microorganisms

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: Among more than twenty species belonging to the class Mollecutes, Mycoplasma bovis is the most common cause of bovine mycoplasmosis in North America and Europe. Bovine mycoplasmosis causes significant economic loss in the cattle industry. The number of M. bovis positive herds recently has increased in North America and Europe. Since antibiotic treatment is ineffective and no efficient vaccine is available, M. bovis induced mycoplasmosis is primarily controlled by herd management measures such as the restriction of moving infected animals out of the herds and culling of infected or shedders of M. bovis. To better understand the population structure and genomic factors that may contribute to its transmission, we sequenced 147 M. bovis strains isolated from four different countries viz. USA (n = 121), Canada (n = 22), Israel (n = 3) and Lithuania (n = 1). All except two of the isolates (KRB1 and KRB8) were isolated from two host types i.e., bovine (n = 75) and bison (n = 70). We performed a large-scale comparative analysis of M. bovis genomes by integrating 103 publicly available genomes and our dataset (250 total genomes). Whole genome single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) based phylogeny using M. agalactiae as an outgroup revealed that M. bovis population structure is composed of five different clades. USA isolates showed a high degree of genomic divergence in comparison to the Australian isolates. Based on host of origin, all the isolates in clade IV was of bovine origin, whereas majority of the isolates in clades III and V was of bison origin. Our comparative genome analysis also revealed that M. bovis has an open pangenome with a large breadth of unexplored diversity of genes. The function based analysis of autogenous vaccine candidates (n = 10) included in this study revealed that their functional diversity does not span the genomic diversity observed in all five clades identified in this study. Our study also found that M. bovis genome harbors a large number of IS elements and their number increases significantly (p = 7.8x10-6) as the genome size increases. Collectively, the genome data and the whole genome-based population analysis in this study may help to develop better understanding of M. bovis induced mycoplasmosis in cattle.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population Genomic Analysis of Mycoplasma bovis Elucidates Geographical Variations and Genes associated with Host-Types

Kumar

Christopher‐Hennings

et al. 2020

Microorganisms

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“…This difference might be based on the virulence of the strain, which would be influenced by the host species [ 30 ]. Interestingly, a study from western Canada found that up to 79% of American bison herds have more than one seropositive member [ 31 ]. However, it is important to note that several outbreaks have been reported in Bison bison in North America, with mortality rates as high as 45% [ 11 ], and as such, there is a strong need to monitor the disease in European bison.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A serological survey of pathogens associated with the respiratory and digestive system in the Polish European bison (Bison bonasus) population in 2017–2022

et al. 2023

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Background The European bison (Bison bonasus) is a near threatened species and requires health monitoring. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of antibodies to pathogens known to cause respiratory and digestive illness in ruminants. Results In the studied 328 European bison, the highest seroprevalence was observed for Bovine herpesvirus-1 (BoHV-1) (50.27%), Bovine Coronavirus (BCoV) (26.36%), and Bluetongue Virus (BTV) (12.83%). For Mycoplasma bovis strains and Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV), positive results were rare. Interestingly, a higher prevalence of BTV antibodies was noted in the northeastern populations and older animals. Conclusions Our findings indicate that the Polish European bison population appears to have considerable contact with BoHV-1; however, this does not appear to be of great significance, as clinical symptoms and post-mortem lesions are rarely noted in Polish European bison population. The high seroprevalence of BTV in the north-east of Poland is an ongoing trend, also noted in previous studies. It is possible that European bison may perpetuate the virus in this region. This is the first report of antibodies for BCoV in European bison.

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“…Further, while PCR is adequate to detect active infections and shedding of bacteria, a serologic assay for pronghorn would be ideal to assess exposure. M. bovis serology, however, has proven challenging in bison, and cross-reactivity with other mycoplasmas is possible (Register et al 2013(Register et al , 2021aBras et al 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Source and seasonality of epizootic mycoplasmosis in free-ranging pronghorn (Antilocapra americana)

Johnson¹,

MacGlover²,

Peckham³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Mycoplasma bovis is an economically important bacterial pathogen of cattle and bison that most commonly causes pneumonia, polyarthritis and mastitis. M. bovis is prevalent in cattle and commercial bison; however, infections in other host species are rare. In early 2019, we identified the first known cases of M. bovis in free-ranging pronghorn (Antilocapra americana). Here we report on additional pronghorn mortalities caused by M. bovis occurring in the same geographic region of northeastern Wyoming one year later. Genetic analysis by multilocus sequence typing (MLST) revealed that the mortalities were caused by the same M. bovis sequence type, which is unique among all sequence types documented in North America. To determine if pronghorn maintain chronic infections and to assess M. bovis status in other sympatric species, we performed surveillance in free-ranging ungulates. We found no evidence of subclinical infections in pronghorn (n=231) or mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) (n=231) based on PCR testing of nasal swabs. To assess the likelihood of environmental transmission from livestock to pronghorn, we examined persistence of M. bovis in various substrates and conditions, revealing that M. bovis remains viable for 6 hours following inoculation of shaded water, and up to 3 hours in direct sunlight substrates. Our results indicate that environmental transmission of M. bovis from livestock to pronghorn is possible, and seasonality of infection could be due to shared resources during the late winter. This study also highlights the importance of further investigations to better understand transmission dynamics, to assess population level impacts to pronghorn, and to determine disease risks among other ungulate taxa.

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A serologic survey of Mycoplasma spp. in farmed bison (Bison bison) herds in western Canada

Cited by 10 publications

References 26 publications

Population Genomic Analysis of Mycoplasma bovis Elucidates Geographical Variations and Genes associated with Host-Types

Population Genomic Analysis of Mycoplasma bovis Elucidates Geographical Variations and Genes associated with Host-Types

A serological survey of pathogens associated with the respiratory and digestive system in the Polish European bison (Bison bonasus) population in 2017–2022

Source and seasonality of epizootic mycoplasmosis in free-ranging pronghorn (Antilocapra americana)

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