A severe autumn storm over the middle-east: synoptic and mesoscale convection analysis

Dayan, Uri; Ziv, Baruch; Margalit, Adina; Morin, Efrat; Sharon, David

doi:10.1007/s007040170038

Cited by 109 publications

(124 citation statements)

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“…Zangvil and Isakson (1995) found that the moisture originated from tropical Africa and that the maximum transport took place in the 850-700 hPa layer. Dayan et al (2001), using satellite water vapor imagery, showed that moisture originating from western tropical Africa was transported within the mid-troposphere to the southern Levant during a severe fall storm (October 1997) that skimmed the southern parts of the EM and stimulated intense convection under conditional instability associated with synoptic-scale forcing. Ziv (2001), in an analysis of a rainstorm over Egypt and southeastern Israel associated with a tropical plume, also found that the moisture originated from western equatorial Africa.…”

Section: Moisture Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sometimes, during transitional seasons, especially in fall, global systems deviate from long-term seasonal climatology and the EM, being on the edge of subtropical and mid-latitude climate, can be affected by the interaction of tropical and extratropical systems (Dayan et al, 2001). A typical phenomenon manifesting the transport of tropical moisture to the extratropics is the "tropical plume" (TP).…”

Section: Tropical Extratropical Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Occasionally, under specific upper air support conditions, this synoptic-scale system can become active and generate stormy weather with intense precipitation, referred hereafter as an active Red Sea trough (ARST) (Dayan and Morin, 2006). This tropical system, accounting for most of the major floods over the southeastern EM (Kahana et al., 2002), occurs mainly during fall (Dayan et al, 2001). The ensuing destabilization of the lower troposphere leads to a rapid formation of deep convective clouds embedded in severe mesoscale convective systems (MCS) that produce heavy precipitation and thunderstorms (Fig.…”

Section: Synoptic Circulation Patterns That Induce Heavy Rainmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several atmospheric factors can contribute to the development and occurrence of heavy rainfall over the MR, such as mesoscale convective systems (Dayan et al, 2001;Delrieu et al, 2005), cyclones (Alpert et al, 1990a;Homar and Stensrud, 2004), upper-level troughs (Kotroni et al, 2006;Knippertz, 2007) and large-scale circulation teleconnection patterns Krichak and Alpert, 2005;Feldstein and Dayan, 2008). However two essential components are required to generate extreme precipitation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review Article: Atmospheric conditions inducing extreme precipitation over the eastern and western Mediterranean

Dayan

Nissen

Ulbrich

2015

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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100

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Abstract. This review discusses published studies of heavy rainfall events over the Mediterranean Basin, combining them in a more general picture of the dynamic and thermodynamic factors and processes that produce heavy rain storms. It distinguishes the western and eastern Mediterranean in order to point out specific regional peculiarities. The crucial moisture for developing intensive convection over these regions can be originated not only from the adjacent Mediterranean Sea but also from distant upwind sources. Transport from remote sources is usually in the mid-tropospheric layers and associated with specific features and patterns of the larger-scale circulations. The synoptic systems (tropical and extratropical) that account for most of the major extreme precipitation events and the coupling of circulation and extreme rainfall patterns are presented. Heavy rainfall over the Mediterranean Basin is caused at times in concert by several atmospheric processes working at different atmospheric scales, such as local convection, upper synoptic-scale-level troughs, and mesoscale convective systems. Under tropical air-mass intrusions, convection generated by static instability seems to play a more important role than synoptic-scale vertical motions. Locally, the occurrence of torrential rains and their intensity is dependent on factors such as temperature profiles and implied instability, atmospheric moisture, and lower-level convergence.

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Section: Moisture Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Tropical Extratropical Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Synoptic Circulation Patterns That Induce Heavy Rainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review Article: Atmospheric conditions inducing extreme precipitation over the eastern and western Mediterranean

Dayan

Nissen

Ulbrich

2015

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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100

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“…Heavy rainfalls over the Mediterranean basin are due by several factors as mesoscale convective systems, cyclones, upper synoptic-scale-level troughs, and large-scale circulation teleconnection patters [14][15][16][17][18]. At a local scale, the intensity of the precipitation depends on the temperature profile, the atmospheric moisture, and the convergence at lower levels; but it is the moisture content one of the essential components to generate intense precipitation, in combination with an intense convection [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<span>The Mediterranean moisture supply in the genesis of climatological and extreme monthly continental precipitation</span>

Ciric

Nieto

Losada

et al. 2017

Proceedings of First International Electronic Conference on the Hydrological Cycle

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Abstract:The moisture transport from its sources to the continents is one of the most relevant topics in the hydrology, and its role in extremes events is crucial to understand several processes in the Earth, as intense precipitations and/or flooding. Using the global precipitation dataset from the Multi-Source Weighted-Ensemble Precipitation (MSWEP) from 1980 to 2015, a monthly precipitation climatology was done over the area of the Mediterranean Sea, checking grid by grid which year exhibits the maximum precipitation. As is well known, the Mediterranean Basin is a clear source of moisture for the surrounding areas. To link this source of moisture with the precipitation over it surroundings, in this work we have made use of the Lagrangian dispersion model FLEXPART to track, in its forward mode, those particles that monthly leave the Mediterranean Basin and we have calculated the loss of moisture (E-P<0) modeled by FLEXPART over the continental region. The aim of this study is to calculate the monthly climatological percentage of the Mediterranean contribution grid by grid, and the changes of this contribution for extreme monthly precipitation, checking the importance of this sea source of moisture during the maxima peaks of precipitation. In general terms, the spatial pattern of the contribution of the Mediterranean source to the precipitation does not differ a lot between those years with higher precipitation and the climatology; however there any European regions where the Mediterranean is not an important source for climatological precipitation but it is a significant source for extreme precipitation years.

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Hydrological extremes in hyperarid regions: A diagnostic characterization of intense precipitation over the Central Arabian Peninsula

Kumar¹,

Entekhabi

Molini³

2015

JGR Atmospheres

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Aridity is typically associated with deep and dry daytime boundary layers, stable nighttime stratification, divergent flows, and limited large‐scale moisture advection. All these factors are paramount in regulating the hydroclimatology of hyperarid regions, resulting in extremely intermittent—and often intense—local precipitation patterns. However, the link between synoptic‐scale forcing and intense precipitation over arid regions has been scarcely investigated in the literature and still remains exceedingly unexplored. We present here a diagnostic study of intense precipitation in the Central Arabian Peninsula, based on the analysis of local extreme signatures embedded in synoptic patterns. Special emphasis is given to the genesis of winter extremes over the Peninsula, and to possible effects of synchronization between the atmospheric circulation over the Mediterranean and the Indian Ocean. Based on composites of the tropospheric circulation for a large ensemble of intense events, we show that moisture necessary to trigger winter extremes over the Peninsula starts to build up in average 8 days before heavy rainfall occurrence, mainly as a consequence of the interplay between the Mediterranean and the Monsoonal circulation. Moisture advection is in turn associated with an upper troposphere cyclonic circulation and pronounced potential vorticity intrusions. Overall, our results demonstrate how large‐scale precursors can be effectively used to improve the predictability of rainfall extremes in hyperarid regions.

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A severe autumn storm over the middle-east: synoptic and mesoscale convection analysis

Cited by 109 publications

References 11 publications

Review Article: Atmospheric conditions inducing extreme precipitation over the eastern and western Mediterranean

Review Article: Atmospheric conditions inducing extreme precipitation over the eastern and western Mediterranean

<span>The Mediterranean moisture supply in the genesis of climatological and extreme monthly continental precipitation</span>

Hydrological extremes in hyperarid regions: A diagnostic characterization of intense precipitation over the Central Arabian Peninsula

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