A short review about chronic myeloid leukemia

Al-Bayati, Asmaa M. S.; Al-Bayti, Ayoub Ali Hussein; Husain, V I

doi:10.38094/jlbsr40172

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 15 publications

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“…Acute lymphoblastic leukemia mainly impacts developing lymphoid cells and is more common in children, whereas acute myeloid leukemia affects myeloid cells in individuals of all ages, characterized by various genetic mutations. Chronic leukemia advances gradually, marked by excessive production of abnormal, mature blood cells [9]. Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) is commonly found in older individuals, Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) is frequently associated with the Philadelphia chromosome and responds well to targeted treatments, and Hairy cell leukemia (H) is a rare variant of CLL with a positive outlook when treated with purine analogs [10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advancing Early Leukemia Diagnostics: A Comprehensive Study Incorporating Image Processing and Transfer Learning

Haque,

Al Sakib,

Hossain

et al. 2024

BioMedInformatics

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Disease recognition has been revolutionized by autonomous systems in the rapidly developing field of medical technology. A crucial aspect of diagnosis involves the visual assessment and enumeration of white blood cells in microscopic peripheral blood smears. This practice yields invaluable insights into a patient’s health, enabling the identification of conditions of blood malignancies such as leukemia. Early identification of leukemia subtypes is paramount for tailoring appropriate therapeutic interventions and enhancing patient survival rates. However, traditional diagnostic techniques, which depend on visual assessment, are arbitrary, laborious, and prone to errors. The advent of ML technologies offers a promising avenue for more accurate and efficient leukemia classification. In this study, we introduced a novel approach to leukemia classification by integrating advanced image processing, diverse dataset utilization, and sophisticated feature extraction techniques, coupled with the development of TL models. Focused on improving accuracy of previous studies, our approach utilized Kaggle datasets for binary and multiclass classifications. Extensive image processing involved a novel LoGMH method, complemented by diverse augmentation techniques. Feature extraction employed DCNN, with subsequent utilization of extracted features to train various ML and TL models. Rigorous evaluation using traditional metrics revealed Inception-ResNet’s superior performance, surpassing other models with F1 scores of 96.07% and 95.89% for binary and multiclass classification, respectively. Our results notably surpass previous research, particularly in cases involving a higher number of classes. These findings promise to influence clinical decision support systems, guide future research, and potentially revolutionize cancer diagnostics beyond leukemia, impacting broader medical imaging and oncology domains.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advancing Early Leukemia Diagnostics: A Comprehensive Study Incorporating Image Processing and Transfer Learning

Haque,

Al Sakib,

Hossain

et al. 2024

BioMedInformatics

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Advancements in leukemia management: Bridging diagnosis, prognosis and nanotechnology (Review)

Li,

Wang,

Dong

et al. 2024

Int J Oncol

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Leukemia is a cancer that starts in blood stem cells in the bone marrow. Today, the proper diagnosis and prognosis of leukemia are essential in mitigating the morbidity and mortality associated with this malignancy. The advent of novel biomarkers, particularly those related to minimal residual disease, has paved the way for personalized therapeutic strategies and enables the quantitative assessment of patient responses to treatment regimens. Novel diagnostic and targeted drug delivery may be helpful for the improved management of leukemia. Genetic clinical parameters, such as chromosomal abnormalities, are crucial in diagnosing and guiding treatment decisions. These genetic markers also provide valuable prognostic information, helping to predict patient outcomes and tailor personalized treatment plans. In the present review, the studies on the diagnostic and prognostic parameters of leukemia were analyzed. The prognosis of leukemia was investigated in most of the studies, and the remaining were performed on diagnosis. The clinical and laboratory prognostic parameters were the most common, followed by diagnostic hematological parameters, diagnostic blood parameter studies, and diagnostic immunological parameters. Clinical and laboratory prognostic and hematologic parameters were the most extensively studied. The methods used to diagnose and prognose the leukemia cases in these studies were predominantly clinical hematology. Numerous surface proteins and receptors, including CD45, CD27, CD29, CD38, CD27, CD123, CD56 and CD25, react similarly in various kinds of leukemia, which are ideal for targeted drug delivery. Drug delivery to leukemia cells encounters several significant obstacles, including heterogeneity, that hinder the effectiveness of treatment. Nanocarriers play a critical role in targeted drug delivery for leukemia by enhancing the precision of treatments directed at surface proteins and receptors. Additionally, they can be functionalized with targeting drugs and antibodies to target specific tissues and cells.

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Biochemical and breakpoint cluster region-c-ABL oncogene 1 polymorphism study among Iraqi patients with chronic myeloid leukemia

Hameed,

Amira,

Al-Alwany

et al. 2023

Iraqi Journal of Hematology

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BACKGROUND: Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) has been well recognized as an exemplary instance of a malignant disease characterized by a distinctive molecular occurrence, namely the presence of the breakpoint cluster region (BCR)-c-ABL oncogene 1 (ABL1) oncogene. The Philadelphia chromosome gives rise to an anomalous fusion gene characterized by atypical kinase activity, resulting in the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and genetic instability that holds significance in the advancement of diseases. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to investigate the detection rate of BCR-ABL1 polymorphism and BCR protein level in a group of Iraqi patients with CML. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study has been carried out on 150 specimens, 120 patients subjected to CML included 20 patients diagnosed as newly diagnosis CML and 100 patients treated with CML. In addition to 30 apparently healthy persons as a control group (normal persons) from the National Center of Hematology/Mustansiryiah University/Baghdad, 65 out of 100 patients on imatinib while 35 nonimatinib (nilotinib and bosutinib). Fresh whole blood and serum were obtained from all patients and controls. We used total DNA genomic extraction extracted from ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid blood for genetic detection of Bcr/Abl Genes Polymorphism by sequencing technique in patients with CML and apparently control groups and used serum for biochemical tests include urea, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), and creatinine using biochemicals methods (colorimetric and kinetic), respectively, as well as detection BCR protein level using sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays technique. RESULTS: According to age and sex, the patients’ groups were matching with the control group. Regarding the biochemical parameters (urea creatinine, ALT, AST, and LDH) serum level, there are no significant differences among new diagnosis CML, patients respond to treatments and failure group except in serum level of creatinine between new diagnosis CML group and failure group, there are significant differences (P = 0.01). The present results showed that DNA polymorphism distribution was according to C\C; G\C; A\T; and A\A were 32%, 26%, 18%, and 24%, respectively, in patients with CML and 28%; 20%;12%; and 40%, respectively, in the control group. There are significant statistical differences (P < 0.05) between different groups according to the genotyping of BCR\ABL, the results obtained from the sequenced 429 bp fragments, and the detailed positions of the observed variations are described in the NCBI reference sequences (rs766724113). The samples were submitted in NCBI, and the accession number of nucleotide sequences of BCR\ABL as new recording: LC 775148, LC 775149, and LC 775150, while regarding with BCR protein, there are significant differences in level between new diagnosis CML and CML on treatment and control groups, P < 0.001 for each comparison while there are no significant differences between treated group and control group (P = 0.729). CONCLUSION: The present results indicate that BCR-ABL1 polymorphism and BCR protein level in a group of Iraqi patients with CML may play a role in the tumor biology of the examined subset of CML and may contributed to their development.

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A short review about chronic myeloid leukemia

Cited by 3 publications

References 15 publications

Advancing Early Leukemia Diagnostics: A Comprehensive Study Incorporating Image Processing and Transfer Learning

Advancing Early Leukemia Diagnostics: A Comprehensive Study Incorporating Image Processing and Transfer Learning

Advancements in leukemia management: Bridging diagnosis, prognosis and nanotechnology (Review)

Biochemical and breakpoint cluster region-c-ABL oncogene 1 polymorphism study among Iraqi patients with chronic myeloid leukemia

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