A short review: fish oil extraction methods obtaining oils with high amounts of unsaturated fatty acids

Abstract

Nutrition improvement can be ensured by prioritizing the consumption of animal foods, one of which is fish. Fish consumption generally requires cooking at high temperatures which trigger the protein denaturation, therefore consumption of fish oil is more beneficial for human health. However, extraction of oil from fish is quite challenging, particularly the extraction which produce high amount of unsaturated fatty acid. This short review aims to summarizes and evaluate the best fish oil extraction method by observing temperature, time, solvent ratio, oil yield, and unsaturated fatty acid content. The best quality of fish oil can be obtained through a series of extraction processes, namely the extraction without solvent and using solvent. Each fish oil extraction method takes into account several parameters, such as producing different amounts of oil with unsaturated fatty acid content. Ultrasound-assisted extraction methods provide an excellent oil yield and unsaturated fatty acids with better quality than other extraction methods. It is also underlined that fish oil obtained from the ultrasound-assisted extraction method can be used as a nutritional alternative to improve human health.