A Short Review on Miniaturized Biosensors for the Detection of Nucleic Acid Biomarkers

Kulkarni, Madhusudan B.; Ayachit, N. H.; Aminabhavi, Tejraj M.

doi:10.3390/bios13030412

Cited by 20 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 117 publications

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“…Biosensors have emerged as potent tools for detecting and quantifying diverse analytes, finding applications in clinical diagnosis and environmental monitoring [1][2][3]. These devices rely on biological recognition elements like enzymes, antibodies, or nucleic acids, selectively interacting with target analytes to produce measurable signals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling and Simulation of a High-Performance Magnetic Biosensor for Biomedical Sensing

2024

EOIJ

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The current magnetic-based biosensor technologies are expensive and intricate, making them unsuitable for meeting the requirements of point-of-care medical diagnosis. This research introduces a straightforward magnetic biosensor architecture that includes an L-shaped ferromagnetic core with UL dimensions. The design involves an air gap being replaced with highly porous aluminum or copper foam, offering a potentially cost-effective and uncomplicated solution for point-of-care diagnosis based on the magnetic field effect. The foam serves as a medium for hosting biological samples, such as proteins and DNA, which are labeled with high-permeability ferromagnetic nanoparticles. The biosensor operates by detecting labeled biological molecules through magnetic field interactions. The electrical parameters of the system underwent methodical optimization to enhance overall performance. The investigation delved into the influence of various materials on the magnetic properties of the air gap. It also examined the relationships between permeability, output-induced voltage, input voltage, and input frequency. The findings reveal that utilizing materials with elevated magnetic permeability, such as Magnetite (Fe3 O4 ) or Cobalt ferrite (CoFe2 O4 ) ferrofluids, significantly enhances the biosensor's performance by optimizing magnetic coupling between primary and secondary windings. This innovative magnetic biosensor exhibits potential applications in diverse fields, including molecular biology and medical diagnostics. The study contributes valuable insights into the design and optimization of magnetic biosensors, offering opportunities for heightened sensitivity and selectivity in the detection of ferromagnetic nanoparticles labeled biomolecules such as DNA or proteins.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling and Simulation of a High-Performance Magnetic Biosensor for Biomedical Sensing

2024

EOIJ

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“…A biological recognition system provides a sensor with high selectivity to the analyte being measured. The basic principle of biosensors is the recognition of biological compounds and sensing so that when a biological compound is recognized by a recognition compound, a signal change occurs by the transducer [2][3][4][5][6][7]. The key to a biosensor device is the transducer used.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Label-free and label-based electrochemical detection of disease biomarker proteins

Lestari,

Irkham,

Pratomo

et al. 2024

ADMET DMPK

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Introduction: Biosensors, analytical devices integrating biological sensing elements with physicochemical transducers, have gained prominence as rapid and convenient tools for monitoring human health status using biochemical analytes. Due to its cost-effectiveness, simplicity, portability, and user-friendliness, electrochemical detection has emerged as a widely adopted method in biosensor applications. Crucially, biosensors enable early disease diagnosis by detecting protein biomarkers associated with various conditions. These biomarkers offer an objective indication of medical conditions that can be accurately observed from outside the patient. Method: This review comprehensively documents both label-free and labelled detection methods in electrochemical biosensor techniques. Label-free detection mechanisms elicit response signals upon analyte molecule binding to the sensor surface, while labelled detection employs molecular labels such as enzymes, nanoparticles, and fluorescent tags. Conclusion: The selection between label-free and labelled detection methods depends on various factors, including the biomolecular compound used, analyte type and biological binding site, biosensor design, sample volume, operational costs, analysis time, and desired detection limit. Focusing on the past six years, this review highlights the application of label-free and labelled electrochemical biosensors for detecting protein biomarkers of diseases.

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“…Wu et al discussed electric field, mechanical, and fluorescence-based single-cell analysis and characterization methods [10]. Kulkarni et al discussed the study of miniaturized biosensors for the detection of nucleic acid biomarkers [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Microfluidic Chip for Single-Cell Capture Based on Stagnation Point Flow and Boundary Effects

Cheng,

Lv,

Zhou

et al. 2024

Micromachines

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The capture of individual cells using microfluidic chips represents a widely adopted and efficient approach for investigating the biochemical microenvironment of singular cells. While conventional methods reliant on boundary effects pose challenges in precisely manipulating individual cells, single-cell capture grounded in the principle of stagnation point flow offers a solution to this limitation. Nevertheless, such capture mechanisms encounter inconsistency due to the instability of the flow field and stagnation point. In this study, a microfluidic device for the stable capture of single cells was designed, integrating the principle of fluid mechanics by amalgamating stagnation point flow and boundary effects. This innovative microfluidic chip transcended the limitations associated with single methodologies, leveraging the strengths of both stagnation point flow and boundary effects to achieve reliable single-cell capture. Notably, the incorporation of capture ports at the stagnation point not only harnessed boundary effects but also enhanced capture efficiency significantly, elevating it from 31.9% to 83.3%, thereby augmenting capture stability. Furthermore, computational simulations demonstrated the efficacy of the capture ports in entrapping particles of varying diameters, including 9 μm, 14 μm, and 18 μm. Experiment validation underscored the capability of this microfluidic system to capture single cells within the chip, maintaining stability even under flow rate perturbations spanning from 60 μL/min to 120 μL/min. Consequently, cells with dimensions between 8 μm and 12 μm can be reliably captured. The designed microfluidic system not only furnishes a straightforward and efficient experimental platform but also holds promise for facilitating deeper investigations into the intricate interplay between individual cells and their surrounding microenvironment.

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A Short Review on Miniaturized Biosensors for the Detection of Nucleic Acid Biomarkers

Cited by 20 publications

References 117 publications

Modeling and Simulation of a High-Performance Magnetic Biosensor for Biomedical Sensing

Modeling and Simulation of a High-Performance Magnetic Biosensor for Biomedical Sensing

Label-free and label-based electrochemical detection of disease biomarker proteins

A Microfluidic Chip for Single-Cell Capture Based on Stagnation Point Flow and Boundary Effects

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