A significantly increased number and percentage of B cells in depressed subjects: results of flow cytometric measurements

Maes, Michaël; Stevens, W. J.; DeClerck, Luc; Bridts, Chris H.; Peeters, Dieter; Schotte, Christiaan; Cosyns, Paul

doi:10.1016/0165-0327(92)90060-j

Cited by 56 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…A role of IDO in stimulating B lymphocyte response was also supported [128]. Consistently, increased percentage of B cells was demonstrated in the peripheral blood of MDD subjects, particularly in subjects suffering from melancholic forms [129], and long-term treatment with SSRIs may modulate B cell proliferation [130,131]. The B cell receptor signaling pathway (hsa04662, according to the KEGG database) was recently associated with remission to citalopram in the STAR*D sample, and the most interesting genes within this molecular pathway were PIK3AP1 (phosphoinositide-3-kinase adaptor protein 1), CD79B (IGB or B29), KRAS (kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog), PLCG2 (phospholipase C gamma 2), and PPP3CC (protein phosphatase 3, catalytic subunit gamma isozyme) [17•].…”

Section: Inflammationsupporting

confidence: 56%

Pharmacogenetics of Major Depressive Disorder: Top Genes and Pathways Toward Clinical Applications

Fabbri

Serretti

2015

Curr Psychiatry Rep

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The pharmacogenetics of antidepressants has been not only a challenging but also frustrating research field since its birth in the 1990s. Indeed, great expectations followed the first evidence of familiar aggregation of antidepressant response. Despite the progress from candidate gene studies to genome-wide association studies (GWAS), results fell out the expectations and they were often inconsistent. Anyway, the cumulative evidence supports the involvement of some genes and molecular pathways in antidepressant efficacy. The best single genes are SLC6A4, HTR2A, BDNF, GNB3, FKBP5, ABCB1, and cytochrome P450 genes (CYP2D6 and CYP2C19). Molecular pathways involved in inflammation and neuroplasticity show the greatest support. The first studies evaluating benefits of genotype-guided antidepressant treatments provided encouraging results and confirmed the relevance of SLC6A4, HTR2A, ABCB1, and cytochrome P450 genes. Further progress in genotyping and data analysis would allow to move forward and complete the understanding of antidepressant pharmacogenetics and its translation into clinical applications.

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Section: Inflammationsupporting

confidence: 56%

Pharmacogenetics of Major Depressive Disorder: Top Genes and Pathways Toward Clinical Applications

Fabbri

Serretti

2015

Curr Psychiatry Rep

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“…Perini et al (26) did not find an increase in cells bearing the CD3‐DR surface marker, which is indicative for activated T cells, and also found increased B‐cell numbers. Remarkably, in depression, significantly increased numbers of HLA‐DR cells and B cells have also been found (33), confirming the similarities between these affective disorders. Moreover, increased immunoglobulin A (IgA) levels have been found in PD (24).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Neuroimmunological parameters in panic disorder

Duinen

Schruers

Griez

et al. 2004

Acta Neuropsychiatr.

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“…An increasing body of information on the connection between mental disorders and the immune system is now accumulating. Compared with normal individuals, a high frequency of antinuclear autoantibodies and a high level of B cells have been reported in patients with affective disorders, indicating polyclonal B cell activation (32,33). Dysfunction of T lymphocytes has also been studied in affective disorders, and an inhibition in their response to mitogen activation has been reported, especially in old patients (24).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased soluble interleukin‐2 receptor concentrations in suicide attempters

Nässberger¹,

Träskman‐Bendz

1993

Acta Psychiatr Scand

131

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Several biochemical parameters such as monoamines and corticosteroids are considered to play a role in the underlying pathogenetic mechanisms in mood disorders. It has also been proposed that disturbances of the immune system may be responsible for mental disorders. Increased concentrations of plasma soluble interleukin-2 receptor (S-IL-2R) reflect an activation of T-lymphocytes. In plasma samples from medication-free suicide attempters with various psychiatric diagnoses (mainly mood disorders), we found a median S-IL-2R concentration far above the range of healthy controls. No sex differences and no differences between diagnostic and suicidal subgroups were noted. In follow-up samples, the S-IL-2R remained at high levels. In cerebrospinal fluid samples from patients, S-IL-2R levels were all below 200 U/ml. No samples from controls were available. We were unable to find pronounced associations between plasma S-IL-2R and various monoaminergic measures in plasma, 24-h urine and cerebrospinal fluid. There was, however, a tendency of an association between S-IL-2R and the ratio of norepinephrine-epinephrine in 24-h urine, as well as plasma and cerebrospinal fluid 4-hydroxy-3-methoxymethylglycol. There was no significant association between post-dexamethasone plasma cortisol, 24-h urinary cortisol and plasma S-IL-2R. Both when studied as medication-free inpatients and during follow-up as outpatients, there were no apparent associations between ratings of psychopathology and plasma S-IL-2R. This study clearly shows that an imbalance of the immune system was present in psychiatric patients studied after a suicide attempt.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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A significantly increased number and percentage of B cells in depressed subjects: results of flow cytometric measurements

Cited by 56 publications

References 33 publications

Pharmacogenetics of Major Depressive Disorder: Top Genes and Pathways Toward Clinical Applications

Pharmacogenetics of Major Depressive Disorder: Top Genes and Pathways Toward Clinical Applications

Neuroimmunological parameters in panic disorder

Increased soluble interleukin‐2 receptor concentrations in suicide attempters

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