A simple all-fiber comb filter based on the combined effect of multimode interference and Mach-Zehnder interferometer

Zhou, Guorui; Kumar, Rahul; Wu, Qiang; Ng, Wai Pang; Binns, Richard; Lalam, Nageswara; Miao, Xinxiang; Niu, Longfei; Yuan, Xiaodong; Semenova, Yuliya; Farrell, Gerald; Yuan, Jinhui; Yu, Chongxiu; Sang, Xinzhu; Xin, Xiangjun; Liu, Bo; Lv, Haibing; Fu, Yong Qing

doi:10.1038/s41598-018-30213-2

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Based on the above SMS fiber structures, there are many reports which involve combinations an SMS fiber structure with other fiber structures to achieve unique properties, such as multiple parameter measurement, sensitivity improvement, etc. air hole in MMF [141], (d) SMSMS [143], (e) SMF sandwiched between air hole and HCF [146], (f) FBG between two NCF [147], (g) MMF-1+MMF-2 [148], (h) SCF+MMF [151], (i) LPG [155], (j) reflective MMF+NCF [160], (k) core-offset FBG [161], (l) SMS+core-offset SMF [163], (m) round shape [170], (n) twist in input SMF [171], (o) MMF+SCF waist-enlarged [172] and (p) both ends waist-enlarged MMF [173]. (Fig.…”

Section: E Combinations Of Sms Fiber Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A reflective comb filter was proposed using a cascade of an MMF and a small core NCF (Fig. 8(j)) demonstrating a variable extinction ratio from 6 to 11.1 dB [160]. The deliberate use of misalignment of the SMF and MMF fibers in an SMS structure has also been widely investigated, for example, an SMF core-offset spliced between two SMFs (Fig.…”

Section: E Combinations Of Sms Fiber Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Singlemode-Multimode-Singlemode Fiber Structures for Sensing Applications—A Review

Liu

et al. 2021

IEEE Sensors J.

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125

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A singlemode-multimode-singlemode (SMS) fiber structure consists of a short section of multimode fiber fusionspliced between two SMS fibers. The mechanism underpinning the operation of an SMS fiber structure is multimode interference and associated self-imaging. SMS structures can be used in a variety of optical fiber systems but are most commonly used as sensors for a variety of parameters, ranging from macro-world measurands such as temperature, strain, vibration, flow rate, RI and humidity to the micro-world with measurands such as proteins, pathogens, DNA, and specific molecules. While traditional SMS structures employ a short section of standard multimode fiber, a large number of structures have been investigated and demonstrated over the last decade involving the replacement of the multimode fiber section with alternatives such as a hollow core fiber or a tapered fiber. The objective of replacing the multimode fiber has most often been to allow sensing of different measurands or to improve sensitivity. In this paper, several different categories of SMS fiber structures, including traditional SMS, modified SMS and tapered SMS fiber structures are discussed with some theoretical underpinning and reviews of a wide variety of sensing examples and recent advances. The paper then summarizes and compares the performances of a variety of sensors which have been published under a number of headings. The paper concludes by considering the challenges faced by SMS based sensing schemes in terms of their deployment in real world applications and discusses possible future developments of SMS fiber sensors.

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Section: E Combinations Of Sms Fiber Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: E Combinations Of Sms Fiber Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Singlemode-Multimode-Singlemode Fiber Structures for Sensing Applications—A Review

Liu

et al. 2021

IEEE Sensors J.

Self Cite

125

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Section: Optical Fiber Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical Fiber Sensors for Biocide Monitoring: Examples, Transduction Materials, and Prospects

et al. 2020

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Antifouling biocides are toxic to the marine environment impacting negatively on the aquatic ecosystems. These biocides, namely, tributyltin (TBT) and Cu(I) compounds, are used to avoid biofouling; however, their toxicity turns TBT and Cu(I) monitoring an important health issue. Current monitoring methods are expensive and time-consuming. This review provides an overview of the actual state of the art of antifouling paints' biocides, including their impact and toxicity, as well as the reported methods for TBT and Cu(I) detection over the past decade. The principles of optical fiber sensors (OFS) applications, with focus on environmental applications, and the use of organic chemosensors in this type of sensors are debated. The multiplexing ability of OFS and their application on aquatic environments are also discussed.

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“…All fiber comb filters with simple design, ease of fabrication, and good compatibility are of considerable interest as one of the most important key functional components in optical signal processing and multi-wavelength laser sources. In optical networks, comb filters can be employed to achieve format conversion between the return-to-zero and the non-return-to-zero signals, 1 – 3 block the undesired inter-channel signals that cause optical noise, and guide a large number of optical data channels to specific destinations 4 . In multi-wavelength laser sources, one of the focuses is on the wavelength-selective comb filter to select the required wavelength component or avoid interference between wavelength components 5 , 6 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fiber laser with dual-channel and a selectable comb filter based on Vernier effect of parallel-connected two Mach–Zehnder interferometers

2023

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We propose and demonstrate the implementation and application of a new configuration of an all-fiber comb filter based on the Vernier effect produced by parallelconnected two in-line Mach-Zehnder interferometers (MZIs). Each in-line MZI was fabricated by fusion splicing a section of panda-type polarization maintaining fiber (PMF) with peanut-shaped tapers between two single-mode fibers. These two in-line MZIs, respectively, form reference and sensing interferometers, which are parallelconnected by two 3-dB optical fiber couplers to realize the Vernier effect. By incorporating the proposed comb-filter into the erbium-doped fiber laser cavity, two output channels at 1533.2 and 1558.2 nm have been achieved. Further, the combination of the parallel-connected two in-line MZIs and polarization controllers (PC1 and PC2) promotes the lasing in a switchable and selective way. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first demonstration of a comb filter that employs paralleled two peanut-shaped MZIs in PMF. The experimental results indicate that the proposed filter has the potential to be used in communication systems.

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A simple all-fiber comb filter based on the combined effect of multimode interference and Mach-Zehnder interferometer

Cited by 13 publications

References 28 publications

Singlemode-Multimode-Singlemode Fiber Structures for Sensing Applications—A Review

Singlemode-Multimode-Singlemode Fiber Structures for Sensing Applications—A Review

Optical Fiber Sensors for Biocide Monitoring: Examples, Transduction Materials, and Prospects

Fiber laser with dual-channel and a selectable comb filter based on Vernier effect of parallel-connected two Mach–Zehnder interferometers

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