A Simple and a Reliable Method to Quantify Antioxidant Activity In Vivo

Torre, María Pilar de; Cavero, Rita Yolanda; Calvo, María Isabel; Vizmanos, José Luis

doi:10.3390/antiox8050142

Cited by 79 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…First, in vitro antioxidant activities were investigated in a DPPH radical scavenging assay, which is regarded as the first approach for evaluating antioxidant activity due its simplicity, speed, and low cost. 31 In principle, the hydrogen-donating ability of antioxidants reduces the free radical DPPH · (purple) to a stable DPPH (yellow), leading to decreased absorbance at 517 nm. 32 As shown in Figure 3 , various concentrations of each sample (samples 1–3) were tested to measure their DPPH radical scavenging activities.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Transformation of Astaxanthin from Haematococcus pluvialis Improves Its Antioxidative and Anti-inflammatory Activities

Hwang

Kim

et al. 2020

ACS Omega

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Astaxanthin is a strong antioxidant, but the effect of esterification on its biological activities remains unclear. Here, we chemically synthesized three forms of astaxanthin (nonesterified (Ast-N), monoesterified (Ast-mE), and diesterified (Ast-dE) forms) using esterified astaxanthin (Ast-E) in natural extract from Haematococcus pluvialis and characterized them by spectrophotometry and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Additionally, the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of the samples containing three forms of astaxanthin at different ratios were evaluated. The sample containing the maximum level of Ast-mE compared to those of Ast-N and Ast-dE showed the highest antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. We also observed the greatest increase in expression of genes related to antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in samples containing the highest Ast-mE. These results provide a foundation for in-depth investigation of astaxanthin and other antioxidant molecules, allowing for the development of a practical and cost-effective strategy to improve antioxidant or anti-inflammatory activities of natural extracts that can be used as dietary supplements.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Transformation of Astaxanthin from Haematococcus pluvialis Improves Its Antioxidative and Anti-inflammatory Activities

Hwang

Kim

et al. 2020

ACS Omega

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“…We employed the DPPH and ABTS+ radical scavenging methods to investigate the antioxidant activity of plant extracts that showed antiviral potency. The DPPH method is based on the reduction in a stable electron/hydrogen acceptor, which is reduced to DPPH [ 80 ], while a cation ABTS+ reacts with antioxidants by an electron transfer mechanism [ 81 ]. In our study, evaluation of the DPPH and ABTS+ scavenging activity showed approximately similar values, which suggests that these two methods are positively correlated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Evaluation of Anti-Rift Valley Fever Virus, Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of South African Medicinal Plant Extracts

Makola

Prinsloo

2021

Viruses

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Rift valley fever virus (RVFV) is a mosquito-borne virus endemic to sub-Saharan African countries, and the first sporadic outbreaks outside Africa were reported in the Asia-Pacific region. There are no approved therapeutic agents available for RVFV; however, finding an effective antiviral agent against RVFV is important. This study aimed to evaluate the antiviral, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of medicinal plant extracts. Twenty medicinal plants were screened for their anti-RVFV activity using the cytopathic effect (CPE) reduction method. The cytotoxicity assessment of the extracts was done before antiviral screening using the MTT assay. Antioxidant and reactive oxygen/nitrogen species’ (ROS/RNS) inhibitory activity by the extracts was investigated using non-cell-based and cell-based assays. Out of twenty plant extracts tested, eight showed significant potency against RVFV indicated by a decrease in tissue culture infectious dose (TCID50) < 105. The cytotoxicity of extracts showed inhibitory concentrations values (IC50) > 200 µg/mL for most of the extracts. The antioxidant activity and anti-inflammatory results revealed that extracts scavenged free radicals exhibiting an IC50 range of 4.12–20.41 µg/mL and suppressed the production of pro-inflammatory mediators by 60–80% in Vero cells. This study demonstrated the ability of the extracts to lower RVFV viral load and their potency to reduce free radicals.

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“…Thus, measurements of the in-vitro AOP of extracts/ compounds can be used as a first screening to help to define them as extracts/ compounds with potential antioxidant activity before the use of in-vivo models. However, while in-vitro tests are used to demonstrate the intrinsic activities of the compounds, in-vivo assays are focused on the physiological effects, to provide a second, and essential, line of evidence for antioxidant activity [28,29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-vitro and in-vivo antioxidant assays of chicory plants (Cichorium intybus L.) as influenced by organic and conventional fertilisers

et al. 2020

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Background: Chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) is a traditional European crop that is highly appreciated for its contents of bioactive compounds, especially phenolics, which have high antioxidant activities. Among other factors, agricultural practice might affect the contents of these bioactive compounds, which are also important from a nutritional point of view, and affect the shelf-life. Results: The antioxidant potential (AOP) of chicory plants treated with different fertilisers was investigated in vitro using DPPH radical scavenging and in vivo using the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Additionally, total phenolics content (TPC) was evaluated using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, and total flavonoids content (TFC) using the aluminium chloride method. Four different chicory cultivars were included: 'Treviso', 'Verona' and 'Anivip' as red cultivars; and 'Castelfranco' as a red-spotted cultivar. These were grown in pots under controlled glasshouse conditions using organic and/or mineral fertilisers. The combination of organic and mineral fertilisers during red chicory growth resulted in significantly higher in-vitro and in-vivo AOPs compared to the control. For the red-spotted cultivar 'Castelfranco', this combined organic and mineral fertilisation decreased AOPs in vitro and increased AOPs in vivo. Among the cultivars examined, 'Castelfranco' treated with combined organic plus mineral fertilisers showed the highest AOP in vivo, accompanied by the lowest TPC and TFC. Conclusions: These data show that application of different fertilisers has different impacts on red and red-spotted chicory cultivars in terms of TFC and TPC, which for red-spotted chicory resulted in different AOPs in vitro and in vivo. The in-vitro AOP is well reflected in the in-vivo AOP for the red chicory cultivars, but less so for the red-spotted cultivar 'Castelfranco'. Based on the in-vivo AOPs for these chicory cultivars analysed, the combined organic plus mineral fertiliser treatment is recommended.

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A Simple and a Reliable Method to Quantify Antioxidant Activity In Vivo

Cited by 79 publications

References 30 publications

Chemical Transformation of Astaxanthin from Haematococcus pluvialis Improves Its Antioxidative and Anti-inflammatory Activities

Chemical Transformation of Astaxanthin from Haematococcus pluvialis Improves Its Antioxidative and Anti-inflammatory Activities

In Vitro Evaluation of Anti-Rift Valley Fever Virus, Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of South African Medicinal Plant Extracts

In-vitro and in-vivo antioxidant assays of chicory plants (Cichorium intybus L.) as influenced by organic and conventional fertilisers

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