A simple and effective method for the micropropagation and in vitro induction of polyploidy and the effect on floral characteristics of the South African iris, Crocosmia aurea

Hannweg, K.; Sippel, A.; Bertling, I.

doi:10.1016/j.sajb.2013.09.005

Cited by 24 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Not all of the seedlings treated for 48 h grew and just some in lower concentrations. It indicates that the 24 h colchicine treatments used were enough to induce cell polyploidization and did not have serious toxic effects, while 48 h treatments had some toxic effects and reduced the growth rate [20], [1], [13].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Developing a suitable method for increasing the secondary metabolites found in these plants and also enhancing their resistance against environmental stress can help the conservation of these precious species. The induction of artificial polyploidy has long been considered as a valuable tool that can improve genetic of many plants and as a result changes the morphological, anatomical, and physiological characteristics of plants [18], [20], [22]. It also increases the production of important medicinal compounds and makes the plants more resistant to stresses [1], [24], [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Colchicine effect on the DNA content and stomata size of Glycyrrhiza glabra var.glandulifera and Carthamus tinctorius L. cultured in vitro

Moghbel

Borujeni

Bernard

2015

Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology

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In vitro induction of polyploids using colchicine causes an increase in DNA content in plants. This is of high importance especially for plants that have medicinal and commercial values. Seeds of two medicinal plants, licorice Glycyrrhiza glabra L. var.glandulifera and safflower Carthamus tinctorius were treated with different concentrations of colchicine, 0%, 0.03%, 0.05%, 0.08%, 0.1% (W/V) in vitro for 24 and 48 h. Treated seeds then were cultured on solid Murashige and Skoog (MS) media under controlled conditions. After a month, the length of the stomata was measured to study the effect of colchicine on stomata size. Cellular DNA content of the regenerated plants was measured by spectrophotometry. Flow cytometry was used for confirming the results obtained from stomata size measurement and spectrophotometry. Results suggested that treated plants have a fair amount of larger stomata, significantly in licorice plantlets that were treated with 0.1% colchicine for 24 h and safflower plantlets that were treated with 0.03%, 0.05% and 0.1% colchicine. Safflower DNA content in all treatments enhanced significantly, but in licorice only DNA content of plantlets that were treated with 0.05% colchicine for 24 h and 0.1%, 0.03% colchicine for 48 h found to be increased significantly. The morphological features of treated plantlets such as shoot and leaf thickness were found to be increased. Flow cytometry confirmed the previously mentioned results and suggested tetraploids in all treated safflower plantlets and licorice plantlets obtained from treatment with 0.08% of colchicine and mixoploids in licorice plantlets obtained from treatment with 0.1% of colchicine. ª 2015 Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. on behalf

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colchicine effect on the DNA content and stomata size of Glycyrrhiza glabra var.glandulifera and Carthamus tinctorius L. cultured in vitro

Moghbel

Borujeni

Bernard

2015

Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology

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“…In many plant species, there is a correlation between ploidy level and morphological and physiological characteristics. Increases in leaf dimensions, stomata size, flower diameter, and petal length and width have been reported in tetraploid plants, such as those of C. aurea (Hannweg et al, 2013) and P. acinosa Roxb. (Yang et al, 2013a).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The treatment of shoots, smaller axillary or subaxillary meristems, seeds or seedlings with colchicine is the approach traditionally used to produce polyploid plants. For example, tetraploidy in Mitracarpus hirtus L. was successfully induced by immersing leafless shoots in colchicine solution (Pansuksan et al, 2014) and tetraploidy of Crocosmia aurea was induced by treating seeds with colchicine (Hannweg et al, 2013).…”

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confidence: 99%

Artificially Induced Polyploidization in Lobularia maritima (L.) Desv. and Its Effect on Morphological Traits

Huang¹,

Liu²,

Zhao³

et al. 2015

horts

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Lobularia maritima (L.) Desv. is an important ornamental plant. We investigated an efficient method to induce tetraploid plants of L. maritima (L.) Desv. by treating germinating seeds and apical growing points of seedlings with a range of concentrations of colchicine for different periods of time. Examination of the ploidy level by counting chromosome numbers at metaphase confirmed that the chromosome number of diploid plants was 2n = 2x = 24, whereas 2n = 4x = 48 was observed in tetraploid plants. The morphological characteristics of the diploid and colchicine-induced tetraploid plants were compared. Increases in the size of leaves, flowers, and stomata were observed in the tetraploid plants compared with the diploids. However, the stomatal density and plant height of the tetraploid plants were lower than for the diploid plants. This study presents the first report of autotetraploid plants of L. maritima (L.) Desv., and of the successful generation of tetraploid plants with improved ornamental traits by colchicine treatment.

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“…Montbretia propagates by seed and through bulb-like belowground storage/reproductive organs, called corms, from which MbA was isolated. Research on montbretia has almost entirely focused on its improvement as an ornamental plant (Hannweg et al, 2013), and the MbA biosynthetic pathway is currently unknown. Williams et al (2015) reported the isolation of variable amounts of ∼0.3 to 3 mg MbA per g corm, depending on the montbretia cultivar.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discovery of UDP-Glycosyltransferases and BAHD-Acyltransferases Involved in the Biosynthesis of the Antidiabetic Plant Metabolite Montbretin A

et al. 2018

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Plant specialized metabolism serves as a rich resource of biologically active molecules for drug discovery. The acylated flavonol glycoside montbretin A (MbA) and its precursor myricetin 3--(6'--caffeoyl)-glucosyl rhamnoside (mini-MbA) are potent inhibitors of human pancreatic α-amylase and are being developed as drug candidates to treat type-2 diabetes. MbA occurs in corms of the ornamental plant montbretia (), but a system for large-scale MbA production is currently unavailable. Biosynthesis of MbA from the flavonol myricetin and MbA accumulation occur during early stages of corm development. We established myricetin 3--rhamnoside (MR), myricetin 3--glucosyl rhamnoside (MRG), and mini-MbA as the first three intermediates of MbA biosynthesis. Contrasting the transcriptomes of young and old corms revealed differentially expressed UDP-sugar-dependent glycosyltransferases (UGTs) and BAHD-acyltransferases (BAHD-ATs). UGT77B2 and UGT709G2 catalyze the consecutive glycosylation of myricetin to produce MR and of MR to give MRG, respectively. In addition, two BAHD-ATs, CcAT1 and CcAT2, catalyze the acylation of MRG to complete the formation of mini-MbA. Transcript profiles of UGT77B2, UGT709G2, CcAT1, and CcAT2 during corm development matched the metabolite profile of MbA accumulation. Expression of these enzymes in wild tobacco () resulted in the formation of a surrogate mini-MbA, validating the potential for metabolic engineering of mini-MbA in a heterologous plant system.

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A simple and effective method for the micropropagation and in vitro induction of polyploidy and the effect on floral characteristics of the South African iris, Crocosmia aurea

Cited by 24 publications

References 20 publications

Colchicine effect on the DNA content and stomata size of Glycyrrhiza glabra var.glandulifera and Carthamus tinctorius L. cultured in vitro

Colchicine effect on the DNA content and stomata size of Glycyrrhiza glabra var.glandulifera and Carthamus tinctorius L. cultured in vitro

Artificially Induced Polyploidization in Lobularia maritima (L.) Desv. and Its Effect on Morphological Traits

Discovery of UDP-Glycosyltransferases and BAHD-Acyltransferases Involved in the Biosynthesis of the Antidiabetic Plant Metabolite Montbretin A

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