A simple answer to complex questions: <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> as an experimental model for examining the DNA damage response and disease genes

Rieckher, Matthias; Bujarrabal, Arturo; Doll, Markus Alexander; Soltanmohammadi, Najmeh; Schumacher, Björn

doi:10.1002/jcp.25979

Cited by 32 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…[39] Adverse effects on egg laying and hatching rates can be indicative of defects in somatic gonad development, or damage to the germ cells, oocytes or the developing embryo. [40] Indeed, chronic GO treatment resulted in a significantly reduced egg-laying rate, which was not observed in the acute treatment regime or upon exposure to GONH 2 ( Figure 1B). The hatching rate was 100% in all treatments (data not shown).…”

Section: Effects Of Go On C Elegans Physiologymentioning

confidence: 82%

“…The C. elegans germline commences proliferation of the somatic gonad and the germ cells at mid‐L1 stage until a fully functional germline is established in adults, finalizing in the production of ≈300 offspring . Adverse effects on egg laying and hatching rates can be indicative of defects in somatic gonad development, or damage to the germ cells, oocytes or the developing embryo . Indeed, chronic GO treatment resulted in a significantly reduced egg‐laying rate, which was not observed in the acute treatment regime or upon exposure to GONH 2 (Figure B).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The size differences prompted us to investigate animal development in greater detail. Developmental timing is tightly regulated and highly reproducible in C. elegans , and the different developmental stages, from the embryo, through the four larval stages (L1 to L4) to adults (Figure A), are easily quantified at the stereoscope . The analysis of animal development at 24, 48, and 72 h time points did not reveal any significant differences after chronic exposure (Figure S2, Supporting Information).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Improved Biocompatibility of Amino‐Functionalized Graphene Oxide in Caenorhabditis elegans

Rive

Reina

Wagle

et al. 2019

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Graphene oxide (GO) holds high promise for diagnostic and therapeutic applications in nanomedicine but reportedly displays immunotoxicity, underlining the need for developing functionalized GO with improved biocompatibility. This study describes adverse effects of GO and amino‐functionalized GO (GONH2) during Caenorhabditis elegans development and ageing upon acute or chronic exposure. Chronic GO treatment throughout the C. elegans development causes decreased fecundity and a reduction of animal size, while acute treatment does not lead to any measurable physiological decline. However, RNA‐Sequencing data reveal that acute GO exposure induces innate immune gene expression. The p38 MAP kinase, PMK‐1, which is a well‐established master regulator of innate immunity, protects C. elegans from chronic GO toxicity, as pmk‐1 mutants show reduced tissue‐functionality and facultative vivipary. In a direct comparison, GONH2 exposure does not cause detrimental effects in the wild type or in pmk‐1 mutants, and the innate immune response is considerably less pronounced. This work establishes enhanced biocompatibility of amino‐functionalized GO in a whole‐organism, emphasizing its potential as a biomedical nanomaterial.

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Section: Effects Of Go On C Elegans Physiologymentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Improved Biocompatibility of Amino‐Functionalized Graphene Oxide in Caenorhabditis elegans

Rive

Reina

Wagle

et al. 2019

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“…The worms (N ≥ 90) were treated with or without orange extracts for 5 days prior to induction of UV irradiation (120 mJ/cm −2 ) [42]. The number of surviving worms was counted daily by gentle prodding until all died.…”

Section: Resistance To Uv-b Radiation Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Orange Extracts on Longevity, Healthspan, and Stress Resistance in Caenorhabditis elegans

et al. 2020

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Orange, with various bioactive phytochemicals, exerts various beneficial health effects, including anti-cancer, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. However, its anti-aging effects remain unclear. In this study, the Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) model was used to evaluate the effects of orange extracts on lifespan and stress resistance. The results indicated that orange extracts dose-dependently increased the mean lifespan of C. elegans by 10.5%, 18.0%, and 26.2% at the concentrations of 100, 200, and 400 mg/mL, respectively. Meanwhile, orange extracts promoted the healthspan by improving motility, and decreasing the accumulation of age pigment and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels without damaging fertility. The survival rates of orange extract-fed worms were obviously higher than those of untreated worms against thermal and ultraviolet-B (UV-B) stress. Moreover, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were significantly enhanced while malondialdehyde (MDA) contents were diminished. Further investigation revealed that worms supplemented with orange extracts resulted in upregulated levels of genes, including daf-16, sod-3, gst-4, sek-1, and skn-1, and the downregulation of age-1 expression. These findings revealed that orange extracts have potential anti-aging effects through extending the lifespan, enhancing stress resistance, and promoting the healthspan.

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“…While relatively few C. elegans researchers explicitly study toxicology, a large proportion study stress responses, in particular with respect to lifespan regulation, which is extensively examined in the nematode. There is an extensive literature on stress responses in C. elegans; selected examples of wellstudied stress response pathways particularly relevant to environmental toxicology are the DNA damage response (Rieckher et al, 2017), apoptosis (Conradt and Xue 2005;Bailly and Gartner 2013), autophagy (Melendez and Levine 2009;Zhang et al, 2015), antioxidant defenses (Brys et al, 2007;Blackwell et al, 2015), nuclear receptor signaling (Antebi 2015), mitochondrial stress responses (Haynes and Ron 2010), and heavy metal responses (Caito et al, 2012).…”

Section: Strengths Of C Elegans As a Model Organism For Molecular Tomentioning

confidence: 99%

Caenorhabditis elegans as an emerging model system in environmental epigenetics

Weinhouse

Truong

Meyer

et al. 2018

Environ and Mol Mutagen

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The roundworm Caenorhabitis elegans has been an established model organism for the study of genetics and developmental biology, including studies of transcriptional regulation, since the 1970s. This model organism has continued to be used as a classical model system as the field of transcriptional regulation has expanded to include scientific advances in epigenetics and chromatin biology. In the last several decades, C. elegans has emerged as a powerful model for environmental toxicology, particularly for the study of chemical genotoxicity. Here, we outline the utility and applicability of C. elegans as a powerful model organism for mechanistic studies of environmental influences on the epigenome. Our goal in this article is to inform the field of environmental epigenetics of the strengths and limitations of the well-established C. elegans model organism as an emerging model for medium-throughput, in vivo exploration of the role of exogenous chemical stimuli in transcriptional regulation, developmental epigenetic reprogramming, and epigenetic memory and inheritance. As the field of environmental epigenetics matures, and research begins to map mechanisms underlying observed associations, new toolkits and model systems, particularly manipulable, scalable in vivo systems that accurately model human transcriptional regulatory circuits, will provide an essential experimental bridge between in vitro biochemical experiments and mammalian model systems. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 59:560-575, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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A simple answer to complex questions: Caenorhabditis elegans as an experimental model for examining the DNA damage response and disease genes

Cited by 32 publications

References 45 publications

Improved Biocompatibility of Amino‐Functionalized Graphene Oxide in Caenorhabditis elegans

Improved Biocompatibility of Amino‐Functionalized Graphene Oxide in Caenorhabditis elegans

Effects of Orange Extracts on Longevity, Healthspan, and Stress Resistance in Caenorhabditis elegans

Caenorhabditis elegans as an emerging model system in environmental epigenetics

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