A simple computing program for application of the TDCR method to standardization of pure-beta emitters

Broda, R.; Cassette, P.; Małetka, K.; Pochwalski, K.

doi:10.1016/s0969-8043(99)00229-8

Cited by 30 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…As more NMIs have adopted TDCR as a primary method, the number of computational approaches to its application has grown. While a few programs have been more widely used [ 51 , 66 , 67 ], it has been very common for different labs to develop their own codes to meet their specific needs. In a recent international comparison [ 68 ], a single set of data (measured at NIST with a 99 Tc source) was distributed to nine laboratories for analysis.…”

Section: Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of NIST Primary Activity Standards for 18F: 1982 to 2013

Bergeron¹,

Cessna²,

Coursey³

et al. 2014

J. RES. NATL. INST. STAN.

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The new NIST activity standardization for 18F, described in 2014 in Applied Radiation and Isotopes (v. 85, p. 77), differs from results obtained between 1998 and 2008 by 4 %. The new results are considered to be very reliable; they are based on a battery of robust primary measurement techniques and bring the NIST standard into accord with other national metrology institutes. This paper reviews all ten 18F activity standardizations performed at NIST from 1982 to 2013, with a focus on experimental variables that might account for discrepancies. We have identified many possible sources of measurement bias and eliminated most of them, but we have not adequately accounted for the 1998–2008 results.

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Section: Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of NIST Primary Activity Standards for 18F: 1982 to 2013

Bergeron¹,

Cessna²,

Coursey³

et al. 2014

J. RES. NATL. INST. STAN.

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“…where the ionization quenching parameter kB (cm/MeV) depends only on the liquid scintillation cocktail, and the specific energy loss of a beta particle in the scintillator dE/dX can be calculated using the Bethe-Bloch formula [8] . λ and kB are the only two unknown parameters in the above formulas.…”

Section: The Tdcr Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Standardization of Tritium Water by TDCR Method

Wu¹,

Liang²,

Liu³

et al. 2012

Plasma Sci. Technol.

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“…The analysis was conducted based on the triple-to-double coincidence ratio (TDCR) method. The equipment with three photomultiplier tubes enables the measurement of the triple-to-double coincidence ratio, offering an effective approach for analyzing tritium concentration for unknown samples [18][19][20]. Each sample was analyzed five times for 200 min in a controlled environment, free from temperature fluctuations and direct sunlight.…”

Section: Tritium Activity Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Advanced Optimization Method to Minimize the Detection Limit of Liquid Scintillation Counter to Measure Low-Level Tritium Activity in Groundwater

Mamun

2023

Radiation

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In arid regions, the tritium concentration in groundwater is typically very low and often falls below the minimum detectable activity (MDA) of the conventional liquid scintillation counter (LSC). Therefore, to measure the tritium activity concentration, it is necessary to lower the detection limit so that the scintillation counter can detect it. In the present study, several methods are discussed which are effective at lowering the detectable activity of tritium. One of these methods is to enrich the tritium activity concentration by ten- to fortyfold of the initial concentration of the tritium. Twelve spiked samples with known amounts of tritium, five with high concentrations and seven with low concentrations, were enriched by the electrolysis process. The results indicated that enriching the tritium levels in groundwater lowers the MDA value. Other methods are minimizing background radiation using low-background materials for sample containers, increasing the measurement efficiency of the scintillation counter and counting time, and shielding the sample from environmental radiation using the shutter option in LSC. Moreover, reducing the number of interfering contaminants in the sample can lower the uncertainty in measuring the tritium concentration in the water sample, which is beneficial for detecting low-level tritium in water to ensure public health and safety.

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A simple computing program for application of the TDCR method to standardization of pure-beta emitters

Cited by 30 publications

References 3 publications

A Review of NIST Primary Activity Standards for 18F: 1982 to 2013

A Review of NIST Primary Activity Standards for 18F: 1982 to 2013

Standardization of Tritium Water by TDCR Method

An Advanced Optimization Method to Minimize the Detection Limit of Liquid Scintillation Counter to Measure Low-Level Tritium Activity in Groundwater

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