A simple, inexpensive system for digital particle image velocimetry (DPIV) in biomechanics

Ryerson, William G; Schwenk, Kurt

doi:10.1002/jez.725

Cited by 24 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…The software allowed for magnification, plane perspective, tracking of path distance, and particle velocity measurement. In some trials, PIV was used to analyze reflective particle movement, with illumination using a green laser (532 nm, 1W, Nd:AG/Nd:YVO 4 ) and basic lens/mirror arrangement to create a single vertical or horizontal plane of green illumination [ 44 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Baleen Hydrodynamics and Morphology of Cross-Flow Filtration in Balaenid Whale Suspension Feeding

2016

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The traditional view of mysticete feeding involves static baleen directly sieving particles from seawater using a simple, dead-end flow-through filtration mechanism. Flow tank experiments on bowhead (Balaena mysticetus) baleen indicate the long-standing model of dead-end filtration, at least in balaenid (bowhead and right) whales, is not merely simplistic but wrong. To recreate continuous intraoral flow, sections of baleen were tested in a flume through which water and buoyant particles circulated with variable flow velocity. Kinematic sequences were analyzed to investigate movement and capture of particles by baleen plates and fringes. Results indicate that very few particles flow directly through the baleen rack; instead much water flows anteroposteriorly along the interior (lingual) side of the rack, allowing items to be carried posteriorly and accumulate at the posterior of the mouth where they might readily be swallowed. Since water flows mainly parallel to rather than directly through the filter, the cross-flow mechanism significantly reduces entrapment and tangling of minute items in baleen fringes, obviating the need to clean the filter. The absence of copepods or other prey found trapped in the baleen of necropsied right and bowhead whales supports this hypothesis. Reduced through-baleen flow was observed with and without boundaries modeling the tongue and lips, indicating that baleen itself is the main if not sole agent of crossflow. Preliminary investigation of baleen from balaenopterid whales that use intermittent filter feeding suggests that although the biomechanics and hydrodynamics of oral flow differ, cross-flow filtration may occur to some degree in all mysticetes.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Baleen Hydrodynamics and Morphology of Cross-Flow Filtration in Balaenid Whale Suspension Feeding

2016

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“…The development of user-friendly, accurate and free DPIV tools greatly enhances the practicability and availability of this technique. In many cases, it can even be sufficient to use low cost digital cameras and lasers to study complex flows with PIVlab (e. g. [30]). The simple graphical user interface of PIVlab enables users that are new to the field of DPIV to generate accurate results quickly.…”

Section: Englishmentioning

confidence: 99%

PIVlab – Towards User-friendly, Affordable and Accurate Digital Particle Image Velocimetry in MATLAB

Thielicke

Stamhuis

2014

Journal of Open Research Software

1,776

1,215

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Digital particle image velocimetry (DPIV) is a non-intrusive analysis technique that is very popular for mapping flows quantitatively. To get accurate results, in particular in complex flow fields, a number of challenges have to be faced and solved: The quality of the flow measurements is affected by computational details such as image pre-conditioning, sub-pixel peak estimators, data validation procedures, interpolation algorithms and smoothing methods. The accuracy of several algorithms was determined and the best performing methods were implemented in a user-friendly, GUI based open-source tool for performing DPIV flow analysis in MATLAB.

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“…Individual cells in rosettes were ablated, and the subsequent recoil, which is proportional to the elastic stress (7, 39, 43), was recorded at a frame rate of 1/0.48 s. Images were registered using the StackReg plugin in FIJI (78, 79) to correct for small movements of the rosette colony due to flagellar motion during acquisition of images. Recoil velocities were measured in the frames following ablation by particle image velocimetry (PIV) using PIVlab software in MATLAB (81). Settings for PIV included four direct Fourier transform correlation passes with window sizes of 64, 32, 16 and 8 pixels and corresponding step sizes of 32, 16, 8, and 4 pixels.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biophysical principles of choanoflagellate self-organization

Larson

Ruiz-Herrero

Lee

et al. 2019

Preprint

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24 25 Keywords: 26 morphogenesis, multicellularity, quantitative microscopy, physical constraints, 27 extracellular matrix, morphospace 28 Significance statement 44Comparisons among animals and their closest living relatives, the choanoflagellates, 45 have begun to shed light on the origin of animal multicellularity and development. 46Here we complement previous genetic perspectives on this process by focusing on 47 the biophysical principles underlying colony morphology and morphogenesis. Our 48 study reveals the crucial role of the extracellular matrix in shaping the colonies and 49 leads to a phase diagram that delineates the range of morphologies as a function of 50 the biophysical mechanisms at play. 51 52Nearly all animals start life as a single cell (the zygote) that, through cell 53 division, cell differentiation, and morphogenesis, gives rise to a complex 54 multicellular adult form (1, 2). These processes in animals require regulated 55 interplay between active cellular processes and physical constraints (3-9). A 56 particularly interesting system in which to study this interplay is the 57 choanoflagellates, the closest relatives of animals (10-12). Choanoflagellates are 58 aquatic microbial eukaryotes whose cells bear a diagnostic "collar complex" 59 composed of an apical flagellum surrounded by an actin-filled collar of microvilli 60 (13, 14) ( Fig. 1). The life histories of many choanoflagellates involve transient 61 differentiation into diverse cell types and morphologies (15, 16). For example, in the 62 model choanoflagellate Salpingoeca rosetta, solitary cells develop into multicellular 63 colonies through serial rounds of cell division (17), akin to the process by which 64 animal embryos develop from a zygote (Fig. 1A). Therefore, choanoflagellate colony 65 morphogenesis presents a simple, phylogenetically-relevant system for 66 investigating multicellular morphogenesis from both a biological and a physical 67 perspective (14). 68 S. rosetta forms planktonic rosette-shaped colonies ("rosettes"), in which the 69 cells are tightly packed into a rough sphere that resembles a morula-stage animal 70 embryo (17). Because the cell division furrow forms along the apical-basal axis, 71 thereby dissecting the collar, all of the cells in rosettes are oriented with their 72 flagella and collars facing out into the environment and their basal poles facing into 73 the rosette interior (Fig. 1B). Interestingly, all three genes known to be required for 74 Results 93 Rosette morphogenesis displays a stereotyped transition from 2D to 3D growth 94To constrain our search for mechanistic principles, we first quantified the 95 range of sizes and spectrum of morphologies of S. rosetta rosettes by measuring the 96 population-wide distribution of rosette size in terms of cell number. S. rosetta 97 cultured solely in the presence of the rosette-inducing bacterium A. 98 machipongonensis (23), lead to a population with a stationary cell number 99

show abstract

A simple, inexpensive system for digital particle image velocimetry (DPIV) in biomechanics

Cited by 24 publications

References 51 publications

Baleen Hydrodynamics and Morphology of Cross-Flow Filtration in Balaenid Whale Suspension Feeding

Baleen Hydrodynamics and Morphology of Cross-Flow Filtration in Balaenid Whale Suspension Feeding

PIVlab – Towards User-friendly, Affordable and Accurate Digital Particle Image Velocimetry in MATLAB

Biophysical principles of choanoflagellate self-organization

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