A simple method for quantification of allopurinol and oxipurinol in human serum by high-performance liquid chromatography with UV-detection

Abstract

We developed an easy-to-operate and validated HPLC-UV method for the quantification of allopurinol and oxipurinol in human serum. This method was proven to be valid for samples of gout patients frequently using concomitant medications.

Validated Rp-Lc-MS/MS Method for the Simultaneous Determination of Allopurinol and Its Major Metabolite, Oxypurinol, in Human Plasma

“…[1] Xanthine oxidase is responsible for the successive oxidation of hypoxanthine and xanthine resulting in the production of uric acid, which is the product of human purine metabolism. [2] In addition to blocking uric acid production, inhibition of xanthine oxidase causes an increase in hypoxanthine and xanthine, which are converted to closely related purine ribotides adenosine and guanosine monophosphates.…”

Determination of Allopurinol and Oxypurinol in Dogs Plasma by High- Performance Liquid Chromatography with an Ultraviolet Detector: Application for Pharmacokinetic Studies

“…Reinders et al utilized dichloromethane as an extractor solvent and these recovery rates were 65% for allopurinol and 75% for oxypurinol [18]. Reddy and Reddy utilized an extractor solvent of ethyl acetate for their plasma samples and elicited recovery rates of less than 50% [19].…”

“…Ling et al reported in his investigation quantification limits of 2 µg.L -1 for allopurinol when testing dog plasma samples [5]. Quantification limit research performed by Reinders et al utilized 100 µL of human plasma samples [18]. It elicited quantification limits of 0.5 mg.L -1 and 10 mg.L -1 for allopurinol and oxypurinol, respectively.…”

“…Accuracy was within 5% for allopurinol and oxypurinol. Endogenous purine-like compounds were separated from allopurinol, oxypurinol and acyclovir with a factor of >1.5% [18].…”

Management of Hyperuricemia and Gout

“…Thus, these data suggest that the combination of allopurinol and probenecid might be an effective way to reduce serum uric acid levels and prevent recurrent acute gouty episodes in patients with no contraindications to uricosuric drugs. Since simple methods are available to monitor allopurinol and oxypurinol in human serum, this methodology might be very useful for the detection of the toxic levels of these drugs and for the determination of the range of concentrations causing adverse reactions [ 644,645 ] . The long-term use of this combined therapy has not been evaluated, and the possible adverse reactions from such a treatment regimen remain to be assessed.…”