A Simple Method for the Ampicillin Determination in Pharmaceuticals and Human Urine

Abstract

The new kinetically-based spectrophotometric method for the determination of microquantities of ampicillin is proposed in the present paper. Ampicillin degradation in strong alkaline medium was applied for the method development. The reaction rate was monitored at 265 nm. A differential variation of the tangent method was used to process the kinetic data. The method is valid over the 3.49-55.84 µg/mL ampicillin concentration interval with relative standard deviation (RSD) range 7.79-3.20%. The calculated detection limit was determined at 2.58 µg/mL based on the 3.3S0 criterion. The interference effects of some metal ions, anions, amino acids and other molecules were investigated in order to assess the method selectivity. The method was successfully applied to determining the content of ampicillin in commercial pharmaceutical preparations and human urine. The obtained results were in good correlation with the HPLC method results. The newly developed method is simple, inexpensive and efficient for the analysis of a large number of samples at room temperature in a short time.

Kinetic–spectrophotometric approach to the ampicillin hydrolytic degradation applied for the histidine determination

“…The results of that research confirmed that penicilloic acid is the first and penilloic acid is the second product of Amp degradation. The kinetic method for Amp quantification based on the catalytic effect of Ni(II) was reported by Rašić Mišić et al (2013). Summarizing results regarding the selectivity of our method it was observed that the small amount of L-histidine additionally increased the reaction rate of antibiotic degradation.…”

Revisiting the hydrolysis of ampicillin catalyzed by Temoneira‐1 β‐lactamase, and the effect of Ni(II), Cd(II) and Hg(II)

“…Metal ions can even catalyze the hydrolysis of ampicillin, but mainly in strongly acidic or alkaline media. Such a reaction with Ni(II) in alkaline medium was applied for analytical purposes (Rašić‐Mišić et al, 2013 ; Lin and Cen, 2022 ). On the other hand, we could not observe a significant change in the absorbance of ampicillin in the presence of Hg(II), Ni(II) or Cd(II) but absence of TEM‐1 β‐lactamase.…”

Comparison between a Direct-Flow SPR Immunosensor for Ampicillin and a Competitive Conventional Amperometric Device: Analytical Features and Possible Applications to Real Samples

“…Ampicillin is stable against hydrolysis by a variety of beta-lactamases including penicillinases, cephalosporinases, and extended spectrum beta-lactamases, and thus can be used in a wide range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative infections [1]. Of course, due to the great importance of antibiotics in the clinical and pharmaceutical fields, several strategies, such as chromatography [2,3,4,5,6], mass spectrometry [7,8,9,10], and microbial screening [11,12], as well as methods based on sensors, biosensors and immunosensors [13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20], have been developed for the analytical determination of ampicillin and other antibiotics. Our research group has devoted several efforts in developing several kind of sensors for different type of antibiotics: for instance, we developed different sensors for β-lactam antibiotic detection, initially ion selective electrodes (ISEs) [21] and most recently amperometric immunosensors [22,23]; these amperometric immunosensors have proven to be very efficient in terms of analytical characteristics (very low LOD, wide linear range, good repeatability, and accuracy) but measurements, of competitive formats, require up to an hour, so analysis time is often too long for the requirements of modern analytical chemistry.…”