A simple method to produce birnessite‐coated quartz sand

Abstract

Birnessite is a highly reactive manganese oxide and common in soil. We checked the attachment of birnessite, synthesized by the reduction of permanganate by lactate, on sand-sized quartz to produce birnessite-coated sand (BCS). Attachment and aggregation of birnessite increased with pH and reaction time. The extent of Cu and Zn adsorption to BCS was similar to that of birnessites in previous studies. Based on these results and the stability of this BCS, it may be used in water treatment.

Water Flow and Dissolved MnII Alter Transformation of Pipemidic Acid by Manganese Oxide

“…The measured amount was 0.48 ± 0.02 (SD) mg of Mn in 1 g of MCS. The coating density was within the previously reported range . Scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS) was applied to study the surface morphology and elemental composition of the MCS.…”

“…The suspension was then placed in a shaker at 130 rpm for 48 h. The excess solution was decanted, The coating density was within the previously reported range. 35 Scanning electron microscope / Energy dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS) was applied to study the surface morphology and elemental composition of the MCS. Samples were examined with a JSM JEOL 7100 F with a field emission gun and OXFORD Genesis energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer at 20kV at a working distance of 5-10 mm and magnifications from 10,000x to 20,000x.…”

Mineral Materials Coated with and Consisting of MnOx—Characteristics and Application of Filter Media for Groundwater Treatment: A Review

“…As reported, the hydrothermal conditions indicate the transformation of Mn 3 O 4 nanoparticles into γ-MnOOH nanowires, and the pH plays an important role in the transformation [116]. The example of quartz sand coating in reaction of permanganate with Na-lactate showed that an increase in pH in the range of 5-10 caused an increase in birnessite amount on quartz surface (from 0.14 to 0.26 mg Mn/g), as well as a portion addition of Na-lactate solution (from 0.26 to 0.58 mg Mn/g) and extension of contact time (in range 24-168 h from 0.56 to 1.29 mg Mn/g) [117]. Also the presence of additional anions can have an effect on the structure of manganese oxides.…”

“…This condition can be particularly important when coating large grains of mineral media with high density, when it is difficult to ensure adequate mixing. Other work also indicates that mineral carriers are not always completely covered with MnOx, which are patches distributed on the surface and at least 96% of the produced birnessite did not adhere to the quartz surface [117]. This is particularly important when producing MnOx coated filter media because the coatings may break off during transport, and above all during stage of backwashing in the filter.…”

“…Coating of a mineral support leads to the production of a composite material whose specific surface area is developed [131]. It has been experimentally shown that the increase in content of birnessite layer on the quartz support dominantly contributed growth its specific surface area [117]. According to the data collected in Table 2, the increase in specific surface area varies, from minimal changes in quartz sand to more significant in chalcedonite.…”