A Simple Model to Identify Risk of Sarcopenia and Physical Disability in HIV-Infected Patients

Abstract

Farinatti, P, Paes, L, Harris, EA, Lopes, GO, and Borges, JP. A simple model to identify risk of sarcopenia and physical disability in HIV-infected patients. J Strength Cond Res 31(9): 2542-2551, 2017-Early detection of sarcopenia might help preventing muscle loss and disability in HIV-infected patients. This study proposed a model for estimating appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) to calculate indices to identify "sarcopenia" (SA) and "risk for disability due to sarcopenia" (RSA) in patients with HIV. An equation to estimate ASM was developed in 56 patients (47.2 ± 6.9 years), with a cross-validation sample of 24 patients (48.1 ± 6.6 years). The model validity was determined by calculating, in both samples: (a) Concordance between actual vs. estimated ASM; (b) Correlations between actual/estimated ASM vs. peak torque (PT) and total work (TW) during isokinetic knee extension/flexion; (c) Agreement of patients classified with SA and RSA. The predictive equation was ASM (kg) = 7.77 (sex; F = 0/M = 1) + 0.26 (arm circumference; cm) + 0.38 (thigh circumference; cm) + 0.03 (Body Mass Index; kg·m) - 8.94 (R = 0.74; Radj = 0.72; SEE = 3.13 kg). Agreement between actual vs. estimated ASM was confirmed in validation (t = 0.081/p = 0.94; R = 0.86/p < 0.0001) and cross-validation (t = 0.12/p = 0.92; R = 0.87/p < 0.0001) samples. Regression characteristics in cross-validation sample (Radj = 0.80; SEE = 3.65) and PRESS (RPRESS = 0.69; SEEPRESS = 3.35) were compatible with the original model. Percent agreements for the classification of SA and RSA from indices calculated using actual and estimated ASM were of 87.5% and 77.2% (gamma correlations 0.72-1.0; p < 0.04) in validation, and 95.8% and 75.0% (gamma correlations 0.98-0.97; p < 0.001) in cross-validation sample, respectively. Correlations between actual/estimated ASM vs. PT (range 0.50-0.73, p ≤ 0.05) and TW (range 0.59-0.74, p ≤ 0.05) were similar in both samples. In conclusion, our model correctly estimated ASM to determine indices for identifying SA and RSA in HIV-infected patients.

Predictors of sarcopenia in young hospitalized patients living with HIV

“…These findings underscore the hypothesis that sarcopenia in PLHIV develops earlier due to aging of the immune system, caused by chronic systemic inflammatory process, virus infection, and antiretroviral therapy. 8 …”

Tobacco smoking and body composition in persons living with HIV/AIDS

“…Regarding the skeletal mass index, a lower score was found among the smokers patients with HIV/AIDS have a loss of muscle mass typically observed in older people, probably due to a constant state of infection and long-term use of antiretroviral drugs 9,30 . Rom et al demonstrated that smokers aged over 45 years with lower appendicular skeletal muscle mass are more likely to develop sarcopenia than individuals who never smoked, regardless of sex 31 .…”

“…Another process that is considered important among individuals with HIV/AIDS using cART is the progressive reduction of muscle mass or sarcopenia [9][10][11] . Sarcopenia is defined as the generalized loss of skeletal muscle mass, accompanied by reduced strength and functional capacity, and is considered a risk factor for incapacity and mortality in HIV-infected patients 10 .…”

Musicalidade E Gestos Sonoros. Rumo a Uma Análise Quantitativa Da Performance: Foco No Mindfulness

“…Também é importante observar que a força muscular no período pré-intervenção foi semelhante entre os grupos G TFRFS e G TFT , provando que a formação dos grupos de treinamento pelo ranking de 1RM, seguida pela alocação aleatória, não influenciou os resultados observados Devido a doenças que afetam a função muscular, como a caquexia e a sarcopenia, as PVHA podem apresentar TME, força muscular e capacidade funcional reduzidas (ERLANDSON et al, 2013;FARINATTI et al, 2017). O TFT demonstrou eficácia como terapia complementar no tratamento de PVHA, aumentando a TME e a força muscular (LINDEGAARD et al, 2008;VINGREN et al, 2017).…”