A simple packet-level clock extraction scheme using a terahertz optical asymmetric demultiplexer

A dual-purpose sensor with a sawtooth U-shaped cavity and a rectangle-shaped cavity in a MIM waveguide structure

“…Transmittance represents the transmission characteristics of SPPs in MIM waveguides and is defined as the ratio of output power to input power, where P output is the output power and P input is the input power [32]. Based on this, the expressions for the transmittance coefficient and transmittance are given as follows [33]:…”

Fiber Bragg grating based notch filter for bit-rate-transparent NRZ to PRZ format conversion with two-degree-of-freedom optimization

“…All-optical clock recovery (CR) is essential for all-optical processing such as data recovery, regeneration of digital signals, all-optical demultiplexing and format conversion. All-optical CR from non-return-to-zero (NRZ) data has attracted significant attention, and it is more challenging than all-optical CR from return-to-zero (RZ) data because the NRZ data does not contain a clock component either in optical spectra or in the RF spectra [1][2][3]. Weak clock components may be found in practical NRZ data due to the finite rise and fall time of the NRZ optical pulses.…”

Incoherent broadband optical pulse generation using an optical gate

“…The optical gate is implemented with a terahertz optical asymmetric demultiplexer (TOAD) [7] . The TOAD has been used for clock recovery and frame synchronization in optical time division multiplexing systems [8,9] , here it is used for turning a CW light source into pulse source.…”