A simple procedure to determine the complex permittivity of materials without ambiguity from reflection measurements

Catalá-Civera, J.M.; Peñaranda‐Foix, Felipe L.; Sánchez‐Hernández, D.; Reyes, E.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1098-2760(20000505)25:3<191::aid-mop10>3.0.co;2-5

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The first advantage of the proposed method is that it does not require transmission Sparameter for electromagnetic property extraction as compared with the methods [7]- [34], [50]- [52]. Second advantage of the proposed method is that it is applicable for retrieval of electromagnetic properties of a target layer within an inhomogeneous structure contrary to the transmissionreflection methods [7]- [10], [12]- [15], [17]- [19] and the reflection-only methods [35]- [49] which are applicable for one-layer (homogeneous) structures. It should be specifically mentioned here that this flexibility of our method distinguishes it from the method in [49], which extracts electromagnetic properties of a metal-backed homogeneous (one-layer) medium using oblique and normal incidence Sparameters, in that it could be applied for electromagnetic property extraction of any target layer within a metal-backed inhomogeneous structure using oblique and normal incidence S-parameters.…”

Section: Extraction Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Then our method was implemented to retrieve ε r2 and µ r2 of the synthesized MM slab. In implementation of our method, we applied the 'fmincon' function of MAT-LAB© with the 'active-set' algorithm using initial electromagnetic properties of the FR4 material, the synthesized MM slab in (35) and 36 and 11(b) illustrate the real parts of the extracted ε r2 and µ r2 (shown by circle symbol) for the perpendicular polarization when N max = 10 and N max = 40. For brevity, the imaginary parts of the extracted ε r2 and µ r2 are not demonstrated.…”

Section: Analyses Of Noise Effect Iterative Error and Misalignmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the methods using transmission measurements (in addition to reflection measurements) [7]- [34], [50]- [52] become inappropriate for applications where only one-side of the material is accessible (the sample is terminated in a highly reflection surface or metal) such as reflective metasurface applications (a 2D form of 3D metamaterials) [49], ground-penetratingradar applications, or target discrimination in stealth applications [58]. These circumstances necessitate the development of reflection-only methods [35]- [49], [53]- [56] for analysis and characterization of electromagnetic properties of materials, because wave cannot propagate through (reflected back from) the material with highly reflective termination. However, most of these reflection-only methods [35]- [49], [53] are not applicable for electromagnetic characterization of inhomogeneous structures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These circumstances necessitate the development of reflection-only methods [35]- [49], [53]- [56] for analysis and characterization of electromagnetic properties of materials, because wave cannot propagate through (reflected back from) the material with highly reflective termination. However, most of these reflection-only methods [35]- [49], [53] are not applicable for electromagnetic characterization of inhomogeneous structures. The methods [54]- [56] can be used for electromagnetic characterization of inhomogeneous multilayered structures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Method for Electromagnetic Property Extraction of Sublayers in Metal-Backed Inhomogeneous Metamaterials

et al. 2020

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A scattering (S-) parameter method has been proposed for electromagnetic property extraction of a target layer within metal-backed inhomogeneous metamaterial (MM) structures. It relies on recursive S-parameters for two different polarizations (parallel and perpendicular). Two different algorithms depending on the value of the incidence angles were proposed to add flexibility to our method. The algorithms were first validated by a metal-backed quasi-one-port method applicable only for one-layer (homogeneous) samples. Then, they were applied to extract electromagnetic properties of the split-ringresonator-wire MM slab of a metal-backed two-layer inhomogeneous structure and the Omega MM slab of a metal-backed four-layer inhomogeneous structure, and extracted properties by our algorithms were compared with those retrieved by different methods applicable for homogeneous samples only. The accuracy of our method was also examined when there was some noise in S-parameters, when there was a misalignment in incidence angles, and a when large value of iteration number was used. INDEX TERMS Metamaterials, inhomogeneous, recursive algorithm, retrieval, constitutive parameters, metal-backing.

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Section: Extraction Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Analyses Of Noise Effect Iterative Error and Misalignmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Method for Electromagnetic Property Extraction of Sublayers in Metal-Backed Inhomogeneous Metamaterials

et al. 2020

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“…Meanwhile, microwave systems accompanied with the amplitude measurements are much simpler, resulting in a more cost-effective system. Various reflection-only and/or scalar methods have been suggested in the literature so far [15,[17][18][19][20]. Here, some more important studies are reviewed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time-modulated Measurements: Material Characterization Based on Scalar Reflection Data

Ghasemi,

Rajabalipanah,

Tayarani

et al. 2020

Preprint

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This paper explores the time-modulated waveguide setups for unique and accurate permittivity and permeability extraction of lossy dispersive samples with phase-less measurements. We theoretically demonstrate that when the position of the short-circuit termination is dynamically modulated in a predefined way, the phase information of the reflection S-parameter manifests itself into the amplitude level of the emerging harmonics. Being insensitive to the calibration plane shifts and phase uncertainties in reflection measurements while bypassing a priori knowledge about the material under test (MUT) and also the transmission coefficient, can be enumerated as the main advantages of the proposed time-modulated retrieval scheme. Moreover, the presented reconstruction algorithm offers a simple post-processing step to facilitate fast computations of εr and µr. Several illustrative examples at X-band frequencies have been presented to numerically verify the validity of the proposed approach for some applicable and practical types of homogeneous materials. Two possible realization and measurement configurations are suggested and discussed based on mechanical actuation and electrical phase control. We have also performed an uncertainty analysis to examine how the realization tolerances can affect the accuracy of results. By involving the temporal dimension, the proposed strategy takes a great step forwards in phase-less reconstruction of the electromagnetic parameters.

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Time‐Modulated Metasurface‐Assisted Measurements

Ghasemi

Rajabalipanah

Tayarani

et al. 2021

Advanced Optical Materials

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This paper explores time‐modulated metasurface‐assisted waveguide setups for the unique and accurate permittivity and permeability extraction of lossy dispersive samples with phase‐less measurements. It is theoretically demonstrated that when the position of the short‐circuit termination is dynamically modulated in a predefined way, the phase information of the reflection S‐parameter manifests itself into the amplitude level of the emerging harmonics. Being insensitive to the calibration plane shifts and phase uncertainties in reflection measurements while bypassing a priori knowledge about the material under test (MUT) and also the transmission information, can be regarded as the main advantages of the proposed time‐modulated material characterization approach. Using a simple post‐processing step, several illustrative examples are presented to numerically verify the validity of the proposed approach for some applicable and practical types of homogeneous materials. Two possible realization schemes based on mechanical actuation and electrical phase control are comprehensively discussed. An uncertainty analysis to examine how realization tolerances can affect the accuracy of results is also performed. The effectiveness of the proposed method is further experimentally demonstrated using a programmable phase‐agile metasurface. By involving the temporal dimension, the proposed strategy takes a great step forward in the phase‐less reconstruction of electromagnetic parameters.

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A simple procedure to determine the complex permittivity of materials without ambiguity from reflection measurements

Cited by 15 publications

References 8 publications

Method for Electromagnetic Property Extraction of Sublayers in Metal-Backed Inhomogeneous Metamaterials

Method for Electromagnetic Property Extraction of Sublayers in Metal-Backed Inhomogeneous Metamaterials

Time-modulated Measurements: Material Characterization Based on Scalar Reflection Data

Time‐Modulated Metasurface‐Assisted Measurements

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