A simple route to making counter electrode for dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) using sucrose as carbon precursor

In situcarbon-supported titanium dioxide (ICS-TiO2) as an electrode material for high performance supercapacitors

“…The intensity ratio of the D and G peaks (I D /I G ) represents the degree of disorder in the carbonaceous materials. [62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71] The I D /I G ratio for the as-prepared ICS-TiO 2 material is 0.85, which indicates a moderate degree of graphitization and long-range ordering of graphitic layers. Raman spectra demonstrated the presence of the anatase phase of TiO 2 in the ICS-TiO 2 .…”

Fabrication of a counter electrode for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) using a carbon material produced with the organic ligand 2-methyl-8-hydroxyquinolinol (Mq)

“…A sputter deposited platinum counter electrode was also fabricated for comparison with the carbon counter electrode. [31][32][33][34]…”

“…[18][19][20] At present, a vital problem is a search for economical and highly catalytic materials to supersede Pt for DSSC development. [21][22][23][24] Some other low cost materials, such as carbon materials, [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34] alloys, 35 conductive polymers, [36][37][38][39] metal carbides, 40 metal oxides, 41,42 and transition metal based materials including metal nitrides, [43][44][45][46] metal sulphides and metal alloys, [47][48][49] have been utilized as counter electrodes and shown very good catalytic activity for the triiodide reduction. Carbon materials are very attractive materials to supersede the platinum electrode in DSSCs because of their high electronic conductivity, large surface area, low cost, environmental friendliness, corrosion resistance towards iodine, high reactivity for triiodide reduction, and availability.…”

“…have been successfully employed as counter electrodes. [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34] Organic compounds, which have carbon (C) hydrogen (H), and nitrogen (N) atoms, are converted into graphitized carbons aer carbonization at high temperature. 34 Nitrogen allows one to obtain strong and thermally stable carbon materials and may participate in the nal formation of oriented graphite compounds.…”

Effect of SiO2/ITO Film on Energy Conversion Efficiency of Dye-sensitized Solar Cells

“…The extent of conversion efficiency increase has been limited owing to recombination between electrons and either oxidized dye molecules or electron-accepting species in the electrolyte during the charge transport process (2e -+ I 3 -→ 3I -) [4][5][6][7]. Recently, this charge recombination has been significantly suppressed by employing thin blocking layers such as those of TiO 2 , Nb 2 O 5 , and ZnO for semiconductors, and CaCO 3 and BaCO 3 for insulating materials [8][9][10][11][12].…”