A simple single model for quartz crystal resonator low level drive sensitivity and monolithic filter intermodulation

Dworsky, Lawrence N.; Kinsman, R.G.

doi:10.1109/58.279141

Cited by 21 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…5 show that the resonant frequencies are sensitive to the nature of the bonding, as suggested by earlier analyses from simpler models of crystal resonators with an elastically attached single particle. 6,7 To understand the most basic effects of an imperfectly bonded interface, we analyze piezoelectric waves near such an interface which is modeled by the shear-lag model 2,3 for imperfect bonding. Analytical solutions are obtained for some interface waves which provide new physical insight.…”

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confidence: 99%

Piezoelectric waves near an imperfectly bonded interface between two half-spaces

Fan

Yang

2006

Applied Physics Letters

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Piezoelectric waves near an imperfectly bonded interface between two half-spaces

Fan

Yang

2006

Applied Physics Letters

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“…When stored for a few days-decades without connection to a power supply, however, the crystals often develop a condition known as sleeping sickness. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] Their facility for self-oscillation then becomes strongly attenuated and may even disappear. The origin of this phenomenon is not well understood, although it is known to be associated with increased resonator losses caused, in particular, by a surface contamination.…”

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confidence: 99%

<title>A probabilistic analysis of the crystal oscillator behavior at low drive levels</title>

Shmaliy¹,

Brendel²

2008

SPIE Proceedings

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The paper discusses a probabilistic model of a crystal oscillator at low drive levels where the noise intensity is comparable with the oscillation amplitude. The stationary probability density of the oscillations envelope is derived and investigated for the nonlinear resonator loses. A stochastic explanation is given for the well-known phenomenon termed sleeping sickness associated with losing a facility of self-excitation by a crystal oscillator after a long storage without a power supply. It is shown that, with low drive levels leading to an insufficient feedback, a crystal oscillator generates the noise-induced oscillations rather than it absolutely "falls in sleep".

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“…Many models have been proposed to explain this phenomenon [1,2]. In this work, FEA modeling is applied to an SC resonator in order to determine the operative mechanism behind low drive level DLD [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Finite Element Analysis of thickness shear crystals with surface irregularities

Puccio

EerNisse

2008

2008 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium

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This work is a continuation of an earlier study on Drive Level Dependence (DLD), wherein the resistance of a thickness-shear crystal changes at low drive levels as the drive level changes. The earlier work used a 2-D Finite Element Analysis (FEA) to show that a surface irregularity, such as an attached particle, causes rotational imbalance in the motion of a contoured thickness-shear crystal, which transfers motional energy from the trapped shear motion to flexural motion. The flexural motion transports motional energy to the mounts. Degradation in the Q due to this increased edge motion was inferred. This degradation in Q was strongly dependent on the location of the surface irregularity in the 2-D FEA modelThe present work extends the analysis to 3-D FEA using an SC resonator along with a four-point clip mount with polyimide bonding agent. Damped eigenfrequency analysis is used to include loss in the mounting structure and directly calculate eigenmode Q as a function of the location of an attached particle on the resonator surface. The results are very informative. A 4.0E-11 kg mass can change the Q by up to 30%. The magnitude of the effect is strongly dependent on the lateral location of the mass on the surface. For example, the magnitude of the effect can change significantly between two points on the blank surface only 20 microns apart.

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A simple single model for quartz crystal resonator low level drive sensitivity and monolithic filter intermodulation

Cited by 21 publications

References 9 publications

Piezoelectric waves near an imperfectly bonded interface between two half-spaces

Piezoelectric waves near an imperfectly bonded interface between two half-spaces

<title>A probabilistic analysis of the crystal oscillator behavior at low drive levels</title>

Finite Element Analysis of thickness shear crystals with surface irregularities

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