A simple test for uniformity of a circular distribution

Ajne, Björn

doi:10.1093/biomet/55.2.343

Cited by 120 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The preferred directions of the 84 directionally selective SR and HMR with pure movement-related responses were uniformly distributed from 0 to 360° (Fig. 3C) [test according to Ajne (1968), p Ͼ 0.05 for both classes]. In other words, pontine nuclei neurons from one side of the brainstem do not show a preference for movements to a particular side.…”

Section: Types Of Movement-related Neurons In the Dorsal Pontine Nucleimentioning

confidence: 96%

The Role of the Monkey Dorsal Pontine Nuclei in Goal-Directed Eye and Hand Movements

Tziridis¹,

Dicke²,

Thier³

2009

J. Neurosci.

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Prevailing concepts on the control of goal-directed hand movements (HM) have focused on a network of cortical areas whose early parieto-occipital stages are thought to extract and integrate information on target and hand location, involving subsequent stages in frontal cortex forming and executing movement plans. The substantial experimental results supporting this "cortical network" concept for hand movements notwithstanding, the concept clearly needs refinement to account for the surprisingly mild HM disturbances resulting from disconnecting the parieto-occipital from the frontal stages of the network. Clinical observations have suggested the cerebropontocerebellar projection as an alternative pathway for the sensory guidance of HM. As a first step in assessing its role, we explored the pontine nuclei (PN) of rhesus monkeys, trained to make goal-directed hand and eye movements guided by spatial memory. We were indeed able to delineate a distinct cluster of neurons in the rostrodorsal PN, activated by the preparation and the execution of hand reaches, close to but distinct from the region in which saccade-related neurons may be observed. The movement-related activity of HM-related neurons starts earlier than that of saccade-related neurons and both neuron types are usually effector specific, i.e., they respond only to the movement of the preferred effector. This is also the case when motor synergies involving both effectors are executed. Our findings support the notion of a distinct precerebellar, pontine visuomotor channel for hand reaches that is anatomically and functionally largely separated from the one serving eye movements.

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Section: Types Of Movement-related Neurons In the Dorsal Pontine Nucleimentioning

confidence: 96%

The Role of the Monkey Dorsal Pontine Nuclei in Goal-Directed Eye and Hand Movements

Tziridis¹,

Dicke²,

Thier³

2009

J. Neurosci.

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show abstract

“…4a,b). The Hodge-Ajne statistical test 18,19 was performed for responses to each sinusoidal stimulus to determine whether the distributions of action potentials elicited by the cyclic stimuli were significantly non-uniform when summed across multiple cycles of stimulation, indicating periodicity in the afferent response. Across individuals, sinusoidal stimuli at 3 Hz were shown to regularly elicit periodic responses (83%), while response periodicity decreased overall with decreasing frequency.…”

Section: Neuroanatomymentioning

confidence: 99%

The function of fin rays as proprioceptive sensors in fish

2013

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The sensation of movement and position of the limbs is critical for normal behaviours in tetrapods. In the bony fishes it is unclear what proprioceptive feedback is provided from the paired fins, the piscine homologues of the tetrapod limbs. Here we test mechanosensory abilities of afferent nerves in the pectoral fin rays, limb structures used by many fish species in propulsion and manoeuvreing. We examine the bluegill sunfish, a fish that uses its pectoral fins extensively in locomotion. We find that the activity of fin ray nerve fibres reflects the amplitude and velocity of fin ray bending. Spike sorting analyses demonstrate the presence of both slowly and rapidly adapting afferent nerve fibres. The fin sensory abilities we describe substantially expand the diversity of known vertebrate proprioceptive capabilities, and suggest that the pectoral fins need to be considered as possible proprioceptive sensors in studies of their functional morphology, movement and evolution.

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“…The statistical procedure for determining a significant phase alignment between frequencies is the following. (i) For each time point we tested (at the a = 10% level) over all frequency bins for circular unimodal distribution of the phase angle, using the Hodges--Ajne test (Hodges, 1955;Ajne, 1968;Upton and Fingelton, 1989). Time bins not showing a unimodal distribution were excluded for further analysis.…”

Section: Whole Power and Evoked Powermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Time bins not showing a unimodal distribution were excluded for further analysis. (ii) For each time bin with unimodal distribution a 95% confidence interval (Hodges, 1955;Ajne, 1968;Fisher and Lewis, 1987;Upton and Fingelton, 1989) was computed. Frequencies with values falling outside the confidence interval were also excluded from further analyses.…”

Section: Whole Power and Evoked Powermentioning

confidence: 99%

Alpha Phase Synchronization Predicts P1 and N1 Latency and Amplitude Size

et al. 2005

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The oscillatory phase-resetting model predicts that event-related potential (ERP) components are generated by a superposition of evoked oscillations with different frequencies. We investigate this question in a memory task in which human subjects had to retrieve a verbal label in response to the presentation of a picture. The results show that (i) evoked oscillations in the delta, theta, alpha and beta range undergo a significant phase resetting and (ii) become synchronized in absolute phase during small time windows that (iii) coincide with the latencies of the P1--N1 complex. Our conclusion is that the latencies of ERP components can be predicted at least in part by phase synchronization between frequencies.

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A simple test for uniformity of a circular distribution

Cited by 120 publications

References 14 publications

The Role of the Monkey Dorsal Pontine Nuclei in Goal-Directed Eye and Hand Movements

The Role of the Monkey Dorsal Pontine Nuclei in Goal-Directed Eye and Hand Movements

The function of fin rays as proprioceptive sensors in fish

Alpha Phase Synchronization Predicts P1 and N1 Latency and Amplitude Size

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