A simplified driving force model for activated carbon adsorption

Peel, Russell G.; Benedek, Andrew

doi:10.1002/cjce.5450590606

Cited by 23 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Such an approximation is commonly called a linear driving force approximation (LDF) in the chemical engineering literature. Glueckauf Under conditions of batch adsorption from a liquid of infinite volume, the coefficient K has been determined for any given time by equating the amount of mass sorbed into a particle as predicted by the diffusion model with the amount of mass sorbed as predicted by the first-order model [Carta, 1993;Alpay and Scott, 1992;Nakao and Suzuki, 1983;Peel and Benedek, 1981;Rao et al, 1980a]. Since the diffusion process is characterized by very high flux during early times (proportionally much higher than the average concentration driving force), the equivalent first-order expression at early times will require a very high rate coefficient (K).…”

Section: Relationship Between the First-order Model And The Sphericalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Column Conditions on the First‐Order Rate Modeling of Nonequilibrium Solute Breakthrough

Young¹,

Ball²

1995

Water Resources Research

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First-order mass transfer models are commonly used as a means of interpreting sorption-related mass transfer in laboratory columns, often with the intent of approximating diffusion-based processes. We have fitted first-order model parameters to computer-simulated breakthrough curves from hypothetical column experiments in which Fickian diffusion into spherical particles limited the rate of sorption and desorption. Using both step and pulse inputs, we show that the fitted first-order coefficient is a function not only of the intrinsic diffusion rate, but also of the column length, the step experiment's duration, the input pulse width, the fluid velocity, and the solute retardation factor. For a range of typical column run conditions and a given diffusion rate, we show that the fitted first-order coefficient varies over three orders of magnitude in a manner roughly predictable through proper definition of a dimensionless timescale. In general, step inputs (as opposed to pulse inputs) provide a more consistent and predictable relationship between fitted coefficients and underlying diffusion rates. For either type of input, we recommend cautious use of the first-order model, since many observed variations in fitted rate constants are not the result of mechanistic phenomena. ß YOUNG

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Section: Relationship Between the First-order Model And The Sphericalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Column Conditions on the First‐Order Rate Modeling of Nonequilibrium Solute Breakthrough

Young¹,

Ball²

1995

Water Resources Research

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“…The Linear Driving Force (LDF) model, also known -^^^Ä^ simplified approach which uses an overall kinetic™\™™ J , is post ulated that the external mass transfer coefficients) for the adsorption rat equation. It^p ^ ^^ ^ uptake rate of adsorbate by an adsorbent is linearly P r°P° adsorbe d phase concentration the difference between the surface concentration and the ave " g fa iven by (Peel and Benedek 1981;Tien 1994). Mathematically, the solid phase m the linear driving force equation:…”

Section: Linear Driving Force Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorptive Iron Removal from Groundwater

Sharma¹

2021

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1. Introduction 1 2. Adsorption of iron(II) onto filter media and iron hydroxides 3. Effect of water quality on iron(II) adsorption 59 4. Characterisation of coated sand from iron removal plants 81 5. Development of iron oxide coating on filter media 103 6. Comparison of physicochemical iron removal mechanisms in filters 127 7. Modelling adsorptive iron removal from groundwater 151 8. Summary and conclusions Samenvatting (Summary in Dutch) List of publications 201 Curriculum vitae 203Many people have contributed their time, energy, ideas, experience and encouragement to help me complete this study, for which I would like to take this opportunity to express my appreciation.First and foremost, I extend my thanks to my supervisor Prof. Dr. ir. J. C. Schippers and my mentor Dr. ir. B. Petrusevski who were both instrumental in providing focus and channelling the study in a meaningful direction, and for providing valuable feedback at the critical junctures. Prof. Schippers was always inspiring and educating. I enjoyed working with him and learned a lot from his broad knowledge and vast experience. Dr. Petrusevski was very friendly, encouraging and always a source of help when needed.A special gratitude to Dr. M. R. Greetham for his encouragement and guidance during the difficult initial period of this study. I also owe Ir. A. N. van Breemen and Dr. M. D. Kennedy my sincere thanks for their help and advice from time to time.

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“…In such situations the equation (1) suggests that dq/dt approaches a large infinite value while the right hand side stands numerically finite. 34 To overcome the anomaly mentioned above, namely the large rise in dq/dt when t approaches zero, Vermuelen 35 proposed the following Quadratic Driving Force (QDF) expression:…”

Section: The Rate Of Exchange Of Chromium With Gacmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorption Characteristics of Chromium(VI) on Granular Activated Carbon

Satapathy¹,

Natarajan²,

Patil³

2005

Jnl Chinese Chemical Soc

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The adsorption of Chromium(VI) from aqueous solutions was studied on different commercial grades of granular activated carbon namely Filtrasorb F‐400, F‐300, F‐200 and F‐100. The adsorption of Chromium (VI) on F‐400 carbon was found to be maximum in comparison to the other grades of carbon. The Chromium (VI) adsorption process in dilute aqueous solutions agreed with the Langmuir and Freundlich models and also obeyed first order kinetics. Metal sorption characteristics of as received activated carbons were measured in batch experiments. The maximum removal (60–65%) for different grades of raw carbon was observed at 25 °C with an initial concentration of 15.16 mg dm−3. It is evident from the study that granular activated carbon holds a particular promise in the removal of metal ions from aqueous solutions.

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A simplified driving force model for activated carbon adsorption

Cited by 23 publications

References 6 publications

Effects of Column Conditions on the First‐Order Rate Modeling of Nonequilibrium Solute Breakthrough

Effects of Column Conditions on the First‐Order Rate Modeling of Nonequilibrium Solute Breakthrough

Adsorptive Iron Removal from Groundwater

Adsorption Characteristics of Chromium(VI) on Granular Activated Carbon

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