A simplified method for the determination of the effective width due to shear lag effects

Experimental evaluation of effective width in steel–concrete composite beams

“…The shear strains in the concrete flange do not allow the cross sections to remain plane and lead to a non-uniform normal stress distribution along the slab width, the so-called ''shear-lag'' phenomenon [1][2][3][4]. Thus, the De Saint Venant's theory cannot be used for studying the composite beam.…”

Long-term analysis of steel–concrete composite beams: FE modelling for effective width evaluation

“…In these cases, a more sophisticated model with a two-dimensional representation of the slab has to be employed [8][9][10], for which the strain distribution is typically non-uniform along a generic layer of the slab cross-section [11][12][13][14]. This corresponds to the wellknown phenomenon of shear lag, which is complex to study for realistic composite beam systems even in the elastic range.…”

A Method for Crack Width Evaluation of Continuous Composite Girder Bridges Accounting for Shear-Lag Effect

“…4(a), the concrete stress in State I region between two adjacent cracks attains to the concrete tensile strength f in the initial cracking stage. The crack width in the initial cracking stage WR is given by2 (8) for Esr < E <E ER with (9)…”