A simplified method to account for the effect of human-human interaction on the pedestrian-induced vibrations of footbridges

Wei, Xinxin; Broeck, Peter Van den; Roeck, Guido De; Nimmen, Katrien Van

doi:10.1016/j.proeng.2017.09.331

Cited by 9 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…12 The objective of this paper is to characterize the HHI-effect on the resulting crowd-induced loading and structural response. Preliminary work and results on this topic are presented in the contribution of Wei et al 65 In this work, the HHI-effect on the resulting structural response is investigated. Also, the HHI-effect is considered by an equivalent distribution of step frequencies among the pedestrians in the crowd.…”

Section: (3) Vibration Mitigation Of Human-induced Vibrationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A simplified method to account for human‐human interaction in the prediction of pedestrian‐induced vibrations

Wei

2021

Struct Control Health Monit

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Summary Vibration serviceability under pedestrian‐induced loading is often the governing criterion for slender footbridge design. During the design stage, the structural response is generally predicted using simplified load models. In these models, neither human‐human interaction (HHI) nor human‐structure interaction (HSI) is taken into account. The present paper starts by characterizing the impact of HHI on the resulting structural response. A widely applied social force model is adopted. The model parameters are adapted to allow for a good approximation of pedestrian flows on footbridges. The HHI‐effect on the resulting crowd‐induced loading and structural response is investigated by means of a numerical study for a relevant range of pedestrian densities. The results demonstrate that an increase in pedestrian density coincides with a decrease in the mean walking speed and the step frequency among the pedestrians in the crowd, as expected. However, no monotonic decrease in the inter‐person variability in step frequency is observed for increasing densities. The inter‐person variability in step frequency is found to also depend on the width of the walkway and the pedestrians' desired room for manoeuvre, which determines the number of parallel pedestrian lanes that can coexist. This paper provides an alternative to the computationally expensive social force model, by translating the HHI‐effect into an equivalent distribution of step frequencies among the pedestrians in the crowd. The results demonstrate that the simplified method allows for a good approximation of the HHI‐effect on the resulting crowd‐induced loading.

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Section: (3) Vibration Mitigation Of Human-induced Vibrationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A simplified method to account for human‐human interaction in the prediction of pedestrian‐induced vibrations

Wei

2021

Struct Control Health Monit

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“…Finally, according to applications of the social force model found in literature, attractive effects f αz (r α , r z ) and random fluctuations ξ α (t) are neglected (Helbing and Molnar, 1995;Johansson et al, 2008;Wei et al, 2017).…”

Section: Problem Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parameter Calibration of a Social Force Model for the Crowd-Induced Vibrations of Footbridges

Bassoli

Vincenzi

2021

Front. Built Environ.

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A reliable prediction of the human-induced vibrations of footbridges relies on an accurate representation of the pedestrian excitation for different loading scenario. Particularly, the modeling of crowd-induced dynamic loading is a critical issue for the serviceability assessment of footbridges. At the design stage, the modeling of crowd loading is often derived from single pedestrian models, neglecting the effect of the structural vibrations as well as the interactions among pedestrians. A detailed description of the crowd behavior can be achieved employing a social force model that describes the different influences affecting individual pedestrian motion. These models are widely adopted to describe the crowd behavior especially in the field of evacuation of public buildings, public safety and transport station management while applications in the serviceability assessment of footbridges are less common. To simulate unidirectional pedestrian flows on footbridges, this paper proposes a parameter calibration of the Helbing’s social force model performed adopting the response surface methodology. Parameters of the social force model are calibrated so as to represent the fundamental relation between mean walking speed and density of the pedestrian crowd. The crowd-induced vibrations are then simulated by modeling each pedestrian in the crowd as a vertical load that crosses the footbridge with time varying trajectory and velocity estimated from the calibrated social force model. Finally, results are compared to those obtained from a multiplication factor approach proposed in literature. This considers the crowd as a uniform distribution of pedestrians with constant speed and given synchronization level and the footbridge response is evaluated as the response to a single pedestrian scaled by a proper enhancement factor.

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“…This assumption can be made for bridge decks with a constant width and low pedestrian densities (up to 0.5 pedestrians/m 2 Weidmann 1993; Venuti and Bruno 2007;Ferrarotti and Tubino 2016), where the walking behavior of the pedestrians is not (or is only negligibly) influenced by HHI and the interperson variability in step frequency can be described by a Gaussian distribution, as also assumed by Bassoli et al (2018), Krenk (2012), and Piccardo and Tubino (2012). Preliminary results (Wei et al 2017), however, also suggest that the effect of social forces (Helbing et al 2000), including HHI, on the dynamic structural response can be accounted for by straight walking trajectories and an equivalent distribution of step frequencies. To account for HHI in the spectral model, a possible extension of the model was discussed in Ferrarotti and .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Pedestrian-Induced Vibrations of Footbridges: An Extended Spectral Approach

et al. 2020

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The vibration serviceability assessment of footbridges under pedestrian traffic requires a probabilistic approach considering the uncertainty in the dynamic behavior of the structure and the variability of multiple load parameters, such as the pedestrians' arrival time and step frequency. In view of engineering applications, a major challenge lies in the development, verification, and validation of efficient prediction models. With this challenge in mind, this paper uses a spectral approach to predict the dynamic response induced by unrestricted pedestrian traffic. A spectral load model available in the literature is extended to account for multiple harmonics of the vertical walking load and for application to arbitrary mode shapes. Furthermore, a closed-form expression is proposed to estimate the variance of the multimode structural response taking into account both resonant and nonresonant contributions. The performance of the proposed approach is evaluated for a simply supported beam as well as a real footbridge where multiple modes considerably contribute to the overall structural response. The results show that the proposed approach allows a good and mildly conservative estimate of the structural response to be obtained.

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A simplified method to account for the effect of human-human interaction on the pedestrian-induced vibrations of footbridges

Cited by 9 publications

References 7 publications

A simplified method to account for human‐human interaction in the prediction of pedestrian‐induced vibrations

A simplified method to account for human‐human interaction in the prediction of pedestrian‐induced vibrations

Parameter Calibration of a Social Force Model for the Crowd-Induced Vibrations of Footbridges

Pedestrian-Induced Vibrations of Footbridges: An Extended Spectral Approach

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