A simplified method to estimate <i>Diphyllobothrium</i> spp. infection in salmonids

Kuhn, Jesper A.; Knudsen, Rune; Kristoffersen, Roar; Amundsen, Per‐Arne

doi:10.1111/jfd.12566

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(78 reference statements)

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“…dendriticum and D . ditremum , and cyst counts provide a reliable estimate of their combined total number 24 . Intestines were frozen and later screened for parasites as described by Kuhn et al ., (2017).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contrasting associations between breeding coloration and parasitism of male Arctic charr relate to parasite species and life cycle stage

Johansen

Henriksen

Shaw

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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Conspicuous carotenoid ornamentation is considered a signal of individual “quality” and one of the most intensely studied traits found to co-vary with parasitism. Since it has been suggested that only “high quality” individuals have enough resources to express excessive sexual ornaments and resist parasites, current theory struggles to explain cases where the brightest individuals carry the most parasites. Surprisingly little emphasis has been put on the contrasting routes to fitness utilized by different parasite species inhabiting the same host. Using Arctic charr ( Salvelinus alpinus ) as model species, we hypothesized that skin redness and allocation of carotenoids between skin and muscle (redness ratio) will be positively and negatively associated with parasites using the fish as an intermediate and final host, respectively. Both pigment parameters were indeed positively associated with abundances of parasites awaiting trophic transmission (Diplostomum sp. and Diphyllobothrium spp.) and negatively associated with the abundance of adult Eubothrium salvelini tapeworms. These empirical data demonstrate that contrasting associations between carotenoid coloration and parasite intensities relates to the specific premises of different parasite species and life cycle stages.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contrasting associations between breeding coloration and parasitism of male Arctic charr relate to parasite species and life cycle stage

Johansen

Henriksen

Shaw

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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“…cysts on the stomach wall was counted. There are two species of Diphyllobothrium present in charr from these systems, D. dendriticum and D. ditremum, and cyst counts provide an estimate of their combined total number (Kuhn et al, 2017). Both Diphyllobothrium parasites are trophically transmitted to charr via ingestion of infected copepods or small fish that are paratenic hosts (Halvorsen, 1970;Henriksen et al, 2016).…”

Section: Parasite Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between parasite infection and growth rates in Arctic charr: do fast growing fish have more parasites?

et al. 2019

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Trophically transmitted parasites are known to impair fish growth in experimental studies, but this is not well documented in natural populations. For Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus (L.)), individual growth is positively correlated with food consumption. However, increased food consumption will increase the exposure to trophically transmitted parasites. Using a correlative approach, we explore the association between parasite abundance and the individual growth of Arctic charr from five lakes within the same watercourse. The studied parasite species differ in their life cycles and cost to the host. We predicted a positive association between parasite abundance and fish growth for parasites of low pathogenicity reflecting high consumption rates, and a negative association at higher parasite abundances for more costly parasites. We found no direct negative associations between parasite abundance and fish growth. The relationship between parasite abundance and growth was linearly positive for the low costly Crepidostomum sp. and concave for the more costly Eubothrium salvelini. In natural fish populations the negative effects of parasites on fish growth might be outweighed by the energy assimilated from feeding on the intermediate host. However, experimental studies with varying food consumption regimes are needed to determine the mechanisms underlying our observations.

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“…in whitefish (cf. Hoffman 1999, Kuhn et al 2017). This has facilitated the collection of several years of data within a monitoring programme with restricted resources, but the data recorded are minimum values both for prevalence, infection intensity and abundance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This has facilitated the collection of several years of data within a monitoring programme with restricted resources, but the data recorded are minimum values both for prevalence, infection intensity and abundance. Kuhn et al (2017) demonstrated that counting cysts of Diphyllobothrium spp. on the stomach, viscera and on the walls of the body cavity, in the same way as we have done, provided a reliable estimate of prevalence, intensity and abundance of the parasite.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infection by the cestodes Triaenophorus crassus and Diphyllobothrium spp. in a polymorphic whitefish population

Sandlund¹,

Næsje²,

Diserud³

2021

adv_limnology

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The whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus s.l.), stock in Lake Femunden, Norway, includes three morphs: D-, R-and S-whitefish. Infections by Diphyllobothrium spp. and Triaenophorus crassus in the morphs were monitored during 1988-2005. In all three morphs T. crassus prevalence increased significantly, but at a varying rate, with age. In juvenile fish, prevalence was lowest in D-whitefish and highest in Swhitefish. As the rate of increase was lower in R-and S-whitefish than in D-whitefish, prevalence was more equal in older fish. The relative differences in parasite load of T. crassus among the three whitefish morphs appear mainly to be in line with the morph differences in habitat use, and associated with the habitat use of the final host of the parasite (pike, Esox lucius).Almost all individuals of D-, R-and S-whitefish were infected by Diphyllobothrium spp., with prevalence higher than 75% from age 2. In all three whitefish morphs, mean abundance of Diphyllobothrium spp. increased with the age of the fish, with the most rapid increase in young age groups. The development of infection with age was almost identical in S-and D-whitefish, whereas Rwhitefish was at a higher level from an early age. The high prevalence of Diphyllobothrium spp in all three whitefish morphs probably reflects the distribution of parasite eggs over all lake habitats by the avian final hosts. The differences in the mean abundance of Diphyllobothrium spp. with age, with a heavier parasite load in R-whitefish than the nearly identical levels in D-and S-whitefish, is not easily explained by differences in habitat use or diet among the whitefish morphs.

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A simplified method to estimate Diphyllobothrium spp. infection in salmonids

Cited by 5 publications

References 37 publications

Contrasting associations between breeding coloration and parasitism of male Arctic charr relate to parasite species and life cycle stage

Contrasting associations between breeding coloration and parasitism of male Arctic charr relate to parasite species and life cycle stage

The association between parasite infection and growth rates in Arctic charr: do fast growing fish have more parasites?

Infection by the cestodes Triaenophorus crassus and Diphyllobothrium spp. in a polymorphic whitefish population

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