A Simplified Physical Model to Determine the Lightning Upward Connecting Leader Inception

Becerra, Marley; Cooray, Vernon

doi:10.1109/tpwrd.2005.859290

Cited by 217 publications

(184 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Based on the simplified physical model proposed by Becerra and Cooray 28 , the propagation of stepped-upward leader is simulated in this paper, as shown in …”

Section: The Initiation and Progression Of Upward Leader Near Windmentioning

confidence: 99%

The lightning striking probability for offshore wind turbine blade with salt fog contamination

Zhang

et al. 2017

Journal of Applied Physics

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This version is available at https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/61860/ Strathprints is designed to allow users to access the research output of the University of Strathclyde. Unless otherwise explicitly stated on the manuscript, Copyright © and Moral Rights for the papers on this site are retained by the individual authors and/or other copyright owners. Please check the manuscript for details of any other licences that may have been applied. You may not engage in further distribution of the material for any profitmaking activities or any commercial gain. You may freely distribute both the url (https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/) and the content of this paper for research or private study, educational, or not-for-profit purposes without prior permission or charge.Any correspondence concerning this service should be sent to the Strathprints administrator: strathprints@strath.ac.ukThe Strathprints institutional repository (https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk) is a digital archive of University of Strathclyde research outputs. It has been developed to disseminate open access research outputs, expose data about those outputs, and enable the management and persistent access to Strathclyde's intellectual output. The blades of offshore wind turbine are prone to be adhered with salt fog after long-time exposure in the marine-atmosphere environment, and salt fog reduces the efficiency of lightning protection system. In order to study the influence of salt fog on lightning striking probability (LSP), the lightning discharge process model for wind turbine blade is adopted in this paper considering the accumulation mechanism of surface charges around salt fog area. The distribution of potential and electric field with the development of downward leader is

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“…Based on the simplified physical model proposed by Becerra and Cooray 28 , the propagation of stepped-upward leader is simulated in this paper, as shown in …”

Section: The Initiation and Progression Of Upward Leader Near Windmentioning

confidence: 99%

The lightning striking probability for offshore wind turbine blade with salt fog contamination

Zhang

et al. 2017

Journal of Applied Physics

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“…Such a condition is valid only for the inception of leaders from tall objects under the influence of the electric fields produced by thunderclouds and for the inception of upward leaders in rocket triggered lightning. Later, Becerra and Cooray [19] using similar physics derived a leader inception model to describe the inception and propagation of the first few metres of an upward leader from structures with and without axial symmetry. Similar to Lalande [18] they assumed static conditions in their model.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time dependent evaluation of the lightning upward connecting leader inception

Becerra

Cooray

2006

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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The evaluation of the upward connecting leader inception from a grounded structure has generally been performed neglecting the effect of the propagation of the downward stepped leader. Nevertheless, field observations suggest that the space charge produced by streamer corona and aborted upward leaders during the approach of the downward lightning leader can influence significantly the initiation of stable upward positive leaders. Thus, a physical leader inception model is developed, which takes into account the electric field variations produced by the descending leader during the process of inception. Also, it accounts for the shielding effect produced by streamer corona and unstable leaders formed before the stable leader inception takes place. The model is validated by comparing its predictions with the results obtained in long gap experiments and in an altitude triggered lightning experiment. The model is then used to estimate the leader inception conditions for free standing rods as a function of tip radius and height. It is found that the rod radius slightly affects the height of the downward leader tip necessary to initiate upward leaders. Only an improvement of about 10% on the lightning attractiveness can be reached by using lightning rods with an optimum radius. Based on the obtained results, the field observations of competing lightning rods are explained. Furthermore, the influence of the average stepped leader velocity on the inception of positive upward leaders is evaluated. The results obtained show that the rate of change of the background electric field produced by a downward leader descent largely influences the conditions necessary for upward leader initiation. Estimations of the leader inception conditions for the upper and lower limit of the measured values of the average downward lightning leader velocity differ by more than 80%. In addition, the striking distances calculated taking into account the temporal change of the background field are significantly larger than the ones obtained assuming a static downward leader field. The estimations of the present model are also compared with the existing leader inception models and discussed.

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“…The height of the lightning rod was varied from 10 to 200 m to obtain the relation between the striking distance and lightning rod height. These heights were chosen to compare with the result from the previous research in [27]. …”

Section: Striking Distancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The striking distance was determined by simulating the lightning attachment model under similar conditions as described by Becerra and Cooray [27]. By assuming a lightning current magnitude of 15 kA, the striking distance value was plotted as a function of lightning rod height, for different types of lightning inception model.…”

Section: Striking Distance As a Function Of Rod Heightmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of the striking distance of a lightning rod using finite element analysis

Bakar¹,

Abidin²,

Illias³

et al. 2016

Turk J Elec Eng & Comp Sci

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Abstract:The problems related to electromagnetic waves transmitted by lightning strikes can be studied through physical lightning models based on laboratory results. The main concern of these models is determining the striking distance between the leader tip and the lightning rod during lightning occurrences. The striking distance is a significant factor in designing the lightning protection system. However, models using finite element analysis (FEA) for this purpose are less likely to be found in the literature. Therefore, in this work, a geometry model of a lightning rod and leader was developed using available FEA software. The model was used to determine the striking distance for different lightning rod heights. The results obtained were compared with those of previous research using different methods to validate the models developed using FEA software. From the comparison, the striking distance obtained from the FEA software as a function of lightning rod height was in good agreement compared to other methods from previous research. The use of FEA software also enables the effect of different tip radii of curvature and shapes of the lightning rod on striking distance to be studied, which can further enhance our understanding of the relationship between striking distance and different rod parameters.

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A Simplified Physical Model to Determine the Lightning Upward Connecting Leader Inception

Cited by 217 publications

References 23 publications

The lightning striking probability for offshore wind turbine blade with salt fog contamination

The lightning striking probability for offshore wind turbine blade with salt fog contamination

Time dependent evaluation of the lightning upward connecting leader inception

Determination of the striking distance of a lightning rod using finite element analysis

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