A simulation-based framework for checkpoint design in large-scale crowd management: Case study of the papal mass in philadelphia

Aros‐Vera, Felipe; Sadeghi, Azadeh; Sinaki, Roohollah Younes; Šormaz, Dušan

doi:10.1016/j.ssci.2020.104701

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…In the modeling and simulation of boarding flows, the boarding characters of passengers can be analyzed at the (1) macroscale (no-individual differences) [2,11] (2) microscale (individual differences) [7,10,12,13], or (3) middle-scale (group behaviors of similar passengers) [8,[14][15][16], with respect to the evaluation scale of factors affecting the boarding behavior, including passenger's motion and previous experience. Boarding models considering passengers with no-individual differences are usually developed to provide an effective method for the optimization of the planning timetable by calculating the bus/metro dwell time [7,17,18].…”

Section: Different Modeling Perspectives Of the Boarding Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…e boarding process of passengers is composed of various related links, such as ticket purchase, security checking, lining for boarding, headway of metro, and luggage handling. In the past few years, the different focuses of the studies on the boarding queuing problem can be broadly classified into three types: (1) modeling, optimization, and simulation of the boarding process in different transportation scenes (e.g., [1][2][3][4][5][6]); (2) analyzing the effects of boarding congestion on travel behavior and departure time choice (e.g., [5,7,8] and (3) improving the operation efficiency of boarding congestion management (e.g., [6,9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hybrid Scheduling Model Based on Fare Incentives for Peak Time Interval of the Metro: The Harbin Metro System

Feng

2022

Journal of Advanced Transportation

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Considering the operation efficiency of the metro system, the boarding queuing problem is a complex and intractable dilemma caused by the security and ticket checking process in urban metro stations, especially for the mass-transit metro system in China. In this study, a novel scheme of fare differentials based on demand control and congestion management for reducing congestion in the metro boarding process was proposed. In addition, we extended Vickrey’s point-queue model into a boarding congestion model incorporating the bidesired departure time considering the security and ticket checking process in stations as a continuum bottleneck. The train-run and departure time choosing behaviors of passengers under different schedule gaps of the adjacent train runs are explored when the boarding system achieves user equilibrium in the proposed model. Then, we examined the demand regulatory mechanisms of fare incentives (fare differentials) in reducing the queuing boarding time in metro stations when the optimization of the schedule gaps is ineffective in the pattern of mass-scale travel demand. The analytical solutions of these two optimal methods (schedule gaps and fare differentials) for boarding congestion management are presented. After comparing the two congestion-reduced methods, the fare incentive rule has a better regulation effect on the smoothing of travel demand. The results of the sensitivity analysis using numerical simulations reveal the regulatory mechanism of fare differentials in reducing the queuing time and increasing the incremental revenue. (1) The demand threshold is only related to the boarding capacity and schedule gaps (i.e., the greater the boarding capacity and schedule gaps, the greater the passenger capacity of the metro station). (2) The effect of fare incentives in reducing the boarding congestion is better if the lower fare is implemented in the later train runs. (3) A lower fare differential between two adjacent metro runs can be used to regulate the proportion of staggered passengers in the queuing line to reduce the crowd gathering in the metro station hall when travel demand is high, meanwhile, a higher fare differential between two adjacent metro shuttles can increase incremental revenue effectively. (4) The measure of fare differentials causes worse results in both the reduction of the queuing time and the increase of the incremental revenue when the metro travel demand is lower than the demand threshold. This conclusion is consistent with the pattern of reality and experience. Therefore, the definition and judgment conditions of demand thresholds, introduced in this study, can provide theoretical guidance when implementing fare incentive policies in aviation and metro networks.

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Section: Different Modeling Perspectives Of the Boarding Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid Scheduling Model Based on Fare Incentives for Peak Time Interval of the Metro: The Harbin Metro System

Feng

2022

Journal of Advanced Transportation

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“…Crowd size estimation eliminates the uncertainty in the number of attendees, which is a key element in large-scale crowd management [67]. A system was developed utilizing a network of basic image sensors to count people in a crowded environment [54].…”

Section: Crowd Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-Depth Survey to Detect, Monitor and Manage Crowd

et al. 2020

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Crowd management is a flourishing, active research area and must be given attention due to the potential losses, disasters, and accidents that could occur if it were neglected. For the last decade, the crowd management field has witnessed significant advancements; however, more investigative work is still needed. The integration of different crowd detection and monitoring techniques can enhance the control and the performance compared to those of more limited stand-alone techniques. Crowd management encompasses an entire process, from the monitoring stage through the decision support system stage. This sector involves accessing and interpreting information sources, predicting crowd behavior, and deciding on the use of a range of possible interventions based on context. This paper shows a fresh conclusive review of the concept of the crowd, discussing it from several perspectives in light of its defining characteristics, its risks, and tragedies, which may occur due to challenges faced during crowd management, where these conclusions are based on a massive number of scholarly articles that were newly published. Besides, a systematic discussion is shown concerning the steps of managing a crowd, including crowd detection, in which several new methods are reviewed, followed by illustrating both direct and indirect approaches to crowd monitoring and tracking monitoring. The primary purpose of this review is to establish a comprehensive understanding of crowdrelated processes. Moreover, it aims to find research gaps to overcome the limitations of using stand-alone techniques in each process and provide support to other researchers' future work.

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Preventing Crime at Assemblies

Herold,

Bürger

2023

Public Order Policing

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A simulation-based framework for checkpoint design in large-scale crowd management: Case study of the papal mass in philadelphia

Cited by 6 publications

References 25 publications

Hybrid Scheduling Model Based on Fare Incentives for Peak Time Interval of the Metro: The Harbin Metro System

Hybrid Scheduling Model Based on Fare Incentives for Peak Time Interval of the Metro: The Harbin Metro System

In-Depth Survey to Detect, Monitor and Manage Crowd

Preventing Crime at Assemblies

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