A simulation model for the spread of bovine tuberculosis within New Zealand cattle herds

Barlow, N. D.; Kean, John M.; Hickling, G.J.; Livingstone, Paul G; Robson, Alexander B.

doi:10.1016/s0167-5877(97)00002-0

Cited by 94 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Dairy herds are more vulnerable to tuberculosis because milk production requires the agglomeration of animals during milking, increasing the risk of transmission (BARLOW et al, 1997), since it raises the population density and, consequently, the probability of infectious contacts (ALVAREZ et al, 2012;HUMBLET et al, 2010). Dairy herds also presented higher risk for tuberculosis in New Zealand (PORPHYRE et al, 2008), United Kingdom (KAROLEMEAS et al, 2011;RAMÍREZ-VILLAESCUSA et al, 2010), andBrazil (BAHIENSE et al, 2016;BARBIERI et al, 2016;DIAS et al, 2016;GALVIS et al, 2016;ROCHA et al, 2016;SILVA et al, 2016;VELOSO et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological status of bovine tuberculosis in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

Queiroz

Groff

Silva

et al. 2016

SCA

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A study was conducted to determine the epidemiological status of bovine tuberculosis in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. The state was divided in seven regions, and in each of them, a pre-established number of farms was randomly sampled. In each farm, cows with age equal to or greater than 24 months were selected at random and submitted to the comparative cervical tuberculin test. The animals whose tests were inconclusive were retested with the same diagnostic procedure within a minimum interval of 60 days. In all, 9,895 animals from 1,067 farms were tested. An epidemiological questionnaire was applied in the farms in order to identify risk factors associated with bovine tuberculosis. The prevalence of infected herds in the state was 2.8% [1.8; 4.0] and that of infected animals was 0.7% [0.4; 1.0]. There was a trend towards a concentration of infected herds in the northern part of the state, with a predominance of dairy and mixed herds. The risk factors associated with the condition of infected herds were being a dairy herd (OR = 2.90 [1.40; 6.13]) and herds with 16 or more cows (OR = 2.61 [1.20; 5.49]). Thus, the best strategy to be adopted by the state is the implementation of surveillance systems to detect and remediate the infected herds, preferably incorporating elements of risk-based surveillance. In addition, the state must carry out a solid action of health education so that the producers test animals for bovine tuberculosis before introducing them in their herds. Key words: Bovine tuberculosis. Brazil. Mycobacterium bovis. Prevalence. Rio Grande do Sul. Risk factors. ResumoUm estudo foi realizado para determinar a situação epidemiológica da tuberculose bovina no Estado de Rio Grande do Sul. O Estado foi dividido em sete regiões e em cada uma delas foi aleatoriamente amostrado um número pré-estabelecido de propriedades. Dentro de cada propriedade, fêmeas com idade igual ou superior a 24 meses foram escolhidas aleatoriamente e submetidas ao teste tuberculínico 20; 5.49]). Assim, a melhor estratégia a ser adotada pelo estado é a implementação de sistema de vigilância para detecção e saneamento dos focos, de preferência incorporando elementos de vigilância baseada em risco. Além disso, o estado deve realizar uma sólida ação de educação sanitária para que seus produtores passem a testar os animais para tuberculose bovina antes de introduzi-los em seus plantéis. Palavras-chave: Brasil. Fatores de risco. Mycobacterium bovis. Prevalência. Rio Grande do Sul. Tuberculose bovina.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological status of bovine tuberculosis in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

Queiroz

Groff

Silva

et al. 2016

SCA

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“…Dairy herds are more vulnerable to tuberculosis because dairy production involves animal confinement during milking, which increases the risk of transmission (BARLOW et al, 1997), considering that confinement increases the population density and consequently the probability of infectious contacts (HUMBLET et al, 2010;ALVAREZ et al, 2012). Dairy herds also presented greater risk for tuberculosis in New Zealand (PORPHYRE et al, 2008), United Kingdom (RAMÍREZ-VILLAESCUSA et al, 2010;KAROLEMEAS et al, 2011), andBrazil (BAHIENSE et al, 2016;BARBIERI et al, 2016;DIAS et al, 2016;GALVIS et al, 2016;ROCHA et al, 2016;SILVA et al, 2016;BAUMGARTEN et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological situation of bovine tuberculosis in the State of Pernambuco, Brazil

Lima

Nascimento²,

Almeida³

et al. 2016

SCA

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The epidemiological situation of bovine tuberculosis was studied in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. The state was divided into three regions, and a predetermined number of properties was randomly sampled in each region. In each property, females aged 24 months or older were randomly selected and subjected to the cervical comparative tuberculin test. Altogether, 5,728 animals from 906 properties were tested. In the evaluated properties, an epidemiological questionnaire was applied to identify risk factors related to bovine tuberculosis. The prevalence of infected herds and infected animals and in the state was 2.87% [1.82-4.50] and 0.62% [0.29-1.29], respectively. There was a predominance trend of infected herds in the properties located in the dry areas of Pernambuco, where most dairy properties are found. The risk factors related to the occurrence of positive herds were: presence of 18 or more cows in the herd, milking the cows two or three times a day, and sharing the grazing area. In conclusion, the prevalence of bovine tuberculosis in Pernambuco is low, and the best strategy to be adopted is the implementation of a surveillance system for detection and sanitation of infected herds, preferably by incorporating risk-based surveillance strategies. In addition, the State should implement an effective sanitary program to enable producers to test their animals for bovine tuberculosis before inserting them into the herds, as well as avoid sharing the grazing areas with properties that are not free of bovine tuberculosis. ResumoA situação epidemiológica da tuberculose bovina foi estudada no estado de Pernambuco. O estado foi dividido em três regiões e em cada uma delas foi aleatoriamente amostrado um número pré-estabelecido de propriedades. Dentro de cada propriedade, fêmeas com idade igual ou superior a 24 meses foram escolhidas aleatoriamente e submetidas ao teste Tuberculínico Cervical Comparativo. Ao todo foram testados 5.728 animais provenientes de 906 propriedades. Nas propriedades, foi aplicado um questionário epidemiológico para identificar fatores de risco associados à tuberculose bovina. A prevalência de focos no estado foi de 2,87% [1,82; 4,50] e a de animais 0,62% [0,29; 1,29]. Houve tendência de concentração de focos na região do Agreste do estado, caracterizada pelo predomínio de propriedades de leite. Os fatores de risco associados à condição de foco foram ter 18 ou mais vacas no rebanho, ordenhar as vacas 2 ou 3 vezes ao dia e compartilhar pastagem. Concluindo, o estado tem baixa prevalência de tuberculose bovina e a melhor estratégia a ser adotada é a implementação de sistema de vigilância para detecção e saneamento dos focos, de preferência incorporando elementos de vigilância baseada em risco. Além disso, o estado deve realizar uma sólida ação de educação sanitária para que seus produtores passem a testar os animais para tuberculose bovina antes de introduzi-los em seus plantéis e deixem de compartilhar pastagem com propriedades que não sejam livres de tuberculose bovina. Palavras-chave...

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“…Dairy herds are more vulnerable to tuberculosis, because milk production features the agglomeration of animals on the occasion of milking, which increases the risk of transmission (BARLOW et al, 1997) since it raises the population density and consequently the probability of infectious contacts (HUMBLET et al, 2010;ALVAREZ et al, 2012). Dairy herds were also found to have a higher risk of tuberculosis in New Zealand (PORPHYRE et al, 2008) and the United Kingdom (RAMÍREZ-VILLAESCUSA et al, 2010;KAROLEMEAS et al, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and risk factors for bovine tuberculosis in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

Guedes

Bottene

Monteiro

et al. 2016

SCA

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The objective of this study was to describe the epidemiological situation of bovine tuberculosis in Mato Grosso do Sul. The State was divided into three regions, Pantanal, Planalto Norte, and Planalto Sul. In each region, properties were randomly chosen and a pre-established number of animals were also randomly selected; these animals were submitted to the intradermal comparative cervical tuberculin diagnostic test. In total, 17,121 animals from 938 properties were tested. In cases of inconclusive results, the animals were retested with the same diagnostic procedure within a minimum interval of 60 days. An epidemiological questionnaire was administered in the properties sampled to investigate possible risk factors for the disease. In the State, the prevalence of infected herds was 1.3% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.72-2.37%) and that of infected animals was 0.035% (95% CI: 0.017-0.069%). Point estimates indicated a higher concentration of infected herds (2.61%; 95% CI: 1.31-5.15%) and infected animals (0.132%; 95% CI: 0.055-0.315%) in the Planalto Sul region, which has a predominance of dairy properties. The prevalence of herds infected with bovine tuberculosis was found to be associated with the production of milk, with technification in the mode of production represented by the use of mechanical milking. Thus, it is recommended that the State adopt strategies for the eradication of bovine tuberculosis, with the structuring of the surveillance system for detection and mitigation of infected herds, incorporating risk-based surveillance elements. ResumoO objetivo do presente estudo foi descrever a situação epidemiológica da tuberculose bovina no Mato Grosso do Sul. O estado foi dividido em três regiões, Pantanal, Planalto Norte e Planalto Sul. Em cada região, propriedades foram sorteadas aleatoriamente e, dentro dessas, selecionou-se também de forma aleatória um número pré-estabelecido de animais, os quais foram submetidos ao teste Tuberculínico Cervical Comparativo. No total, foram testados 17.121 animais, provenientes de 938 propriedades. Os animais que resultaram inconclusivos foram retestados com o mesmo procedimento diagnóstico em intervalo mínimo de 60 dias. Nas propriedades amostradas foi aplicado um questionário epidemiológico para averiguar possíveis fatores de risco para a enfermidade. No estado, a prevalência de focos foi de 1,3% [0,72; 2,37%] e a de animais 0,035% [0,017; 0,069%]. As estimativas pontuais indicaram uma maior concentração de focos (2,61% [1,31; 5,15%]) e de animais (0,132% [0,055; 0,315%]) na região Planalto Sul, que tem predomínio de propriedades leiteiras. Verificou-se que a condição do foco de tuberculose bovina está associada à produção de leite, com sofisticação no modo de produção representado pela utilização de ordenha mecânica. Assim, recomenda-se que o estado adote estratégias de erradicação, com a estruturação de sistema de vigilância para detecção e saneamento de focos, incorporando elementos de vigilância baseada em risco. Palavras-chave: Brasil. Fatores de risco...

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A simulation model for the spread of bovine tuberculosis within New Zealand cattle herds

Cited by 94 publications

References 10 publications

Epidemiological status of bovine tuberculosis in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

Epidemiological status of bovine tuberculosis in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

Epidemiological situation of bovine tuberculosis in the State of Pernambuco, Brazil

Prevalence and risk factors for bovine tuberculosis in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

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