A single beam smart antenna for wireless communication in a highly reflective and narrow environment

Abstract

Abstract-Multipath reflections are prevalent in underground mine wireless communication systems and are less constructive when an omnidirectional antenna is used. This phenomenon can be significantly controlled by eliminating the source of all multipaths with a single beam. The single beam must be rotatable towards the desired user to be of any use. The single directed beam will avoid generating multipath reflections and efficiently consume the valuable stored energy. In this paper we present an analysis of an array antenna using dipoles that forms a single beam without the need for reflectors or any complex arrangement of the array elements. It can be shown that dipole elements placed in a straight line are not effective in minimizing energy consumption and a minimum of three elements are sufficient for forming a single directed beam that is electronically rotatable to all directions. We have compared three, four and six elements for the accuracy. It is also shown that the elements of the array antenna should b placed on the circumference of a circle to avoid re-computation of weights to rotate the beam on to any desired direction, thus significantly reducing the computational burden of the single beam, steerable smart antenna.

Model Based-Testing of Spatial and Time Domain Artificial Intelligence Smart Antenna for Ultra-High Frequency Electric Discharge Detection in Digital Power Substations

“…One further step is to use a single beam smart antenna instead of two symmetrical beams generated by the linear array antenna because two symmetrical beams require a reflector to fold one of the beams over. Thus, we can use the nonlinear three-element smart antenna which is capable of generating a single, steerable beam [5,18].…”

“…The MATLAB Coding is programmed according to the flowchart shown in Figure 6 for the ANN training algorithm [3,9]. The scanning process is simultaneously performed by taking some initial parameters setting and calculation to represent the ideal condition of an indoor or outdoor substation [5,19].…”

A New Fast, Memory Efficient Wireless Electromagnetic Beamformer Antenna With Fast Tracking for 5/6g Systems

“…It is evident that the 2 × 2 MIMO antenna can form a null and beam in the desired direction. However, forming a much efficient beam would require more antenna elements [20] with a nonlinear array [21].…”

“…Employing artificial intelligence (AI) may improve the performance of the antenna [12,23]. The incorporation of AI in this work will be further investigated as an extension of this work to introduce both AI driven antennas [24] and analytically (angle shift) driven single beam antennas [20] in the context of specific applications [15,16]. This is a valuable research area in which more work is needed to improve the application-dependent usefulness of smart beamforming antennas [3].…”

Design of wideband Rotman lens for wireless applications

“…A wireless communications system in recent years is directed to become smarter in order to achieve high data capacity and better quality. A beamforming technique considered a key technology for this rapid development in smart antenna system applications [1][2][3][4][5]. Butler matrix, Blass matrix, and its modified design Nolen matrix are the earlier generation types of beam forming network BFNs.…”